Regular Expressions; Special Characters; Character Pattern Ranges - Cisco ASR 9000 Getting Started Manual
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Special Characters
Special Characters
Certain keyboard characters have special meaning when used in regular expressions.
keyboard characters that have special meaning.
Table 37
Character
.
*
+
?
^
$
_ (underscore)
To use these special characters as single-character patterns, remove the special meaning by preceding
each character with a double backslash (\\). In the following examples, single-character patterns
matching a dollar sign, an underscore, and a plus sign, respectively, are shown.
\\$ \\_ \\+
Character Pattern Ranges
A range of single-character patterns can be used to match command output. To specify a range of
single-character patterns, enclose the single-character patterns in square brackets ([ ]). Only one of these
characters must exist in the string for pattern-matching to succeed. For example, [aeiou] matches any
one of the five vowels of the lowercase alphabet, while [abcdABCD] matches any one of the first four
letters of the lowercase or uppercase alphabet.
You can simplify a range of characters by entering only the endpoints of the range separated by a dash
(–), as in the following example:
[a–dA–D]
To add a dash as a single-character pattern in the search range, precede it with a double backslash:
[a–dA–D\\–]
A bracket (]) can also be included as a single-character pattern in the range:
[a–dA–D\\–\\]]
Invert the matching of the range by including a caret (^) at the start of the range. The following example
matches any letter except the ones listed:
[^a–dqsv]
The following example matches anything except a right square bracket (]) or the letter d:
[^\\]d]
Cisco ASR 9000 Series Aggregation Services Router Getting Started Guide
A-154
Chapter
Characters with Special Meaning
Special Meaning
Matches any single character, including white space.
Matches 0 or more sequences of the pattern.
Matches 1 or more sequences of the pattern.
Matches 0 or 1 occurrences of the pattern.
Matches the beginning of the string.
Matches the end of the string.
Matches a comma (,), left brace ({), right brace (}), the beginning of the string,
the end of the string, or a space.
Understanding Regular Expressions, Special Characters, and Patterns
Table 37
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