Page 1 ® EPSON E Q U I T Y 3 8 6 5 X / 2 0 P L U S U s e r’s G u i d e...
Page 2 EPSON® E Q U I T Y 3 8 6 S X / 2 0 P L U S USER’S GUIDE X - E Q 3 8 6 - 2 0 P L U S...
Page 3 6dictC par le Ministike des Communications du Canada. between the equipment and receiver WARNING expressly approved by Epson America, Inc., could void the FOR CANADIAN USERS B limits for radio noise emissions from not exceed the Class pas de bruits radioClectriques d&passant les limites...
Page 4: Copyright Notice
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY Epson America makes no representations or warranties, either express or implied, by or with respect to anything in this manual, and shall not be liable for any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or for any indirect, special, or consequential damages.
Page 5: Important Safety Instructions
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 1. Read all of these instructions and save them for later reference. 2. Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the product. 3. Unplug this product from the wall outlet before cleaning. Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for cleaning.
Page 6 11. Never push objects of any kind into this product through cabinet slots, as they may touch dangerous voltage points or short out parts that could result in a risk of fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on the product. 12.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
C o n t e n t s Introduction Optional Equipment ....... . . Operating Systems and Other Software .
Page 8 Setting the Display Adapter Type..... . . Setting the Power-on Password......Setting the Memory Caching .
Page 9 Chapter 4 Enhancing System Operations Using AUTOEXEC.BAT and Other Changing the Processor Speed ......Entering Keyboard Commands..... Using the ESPEED Program .
Page 10 Chapter 7 Installing and Removing Disk Drives Using the Correct Drive Bay ......to Use This Chapter ......Setting the Hard Disk Drive Jumpers .
Page 11 Software Problems ........Printer Problems ........Option Card Problems .
Page 12 Appendix D Specifications CPU and Memory ........D-1 Controllers .
Page 13 Your system can support up to three internal drives: either two diskette drives and one hard disk drive, or one diskette drive and two hard disk drives. The Equity 3865X/20 PLUS offers several other features to enhance its speed and versatility: Memory caching. Portions of your system memory are copied to a high-speed cache buffer so your computer can access programs and data very quickly.
Page 14: Introduction
16MB. You may also want to install the Intel®80387SX (20MHz) math coprocessor to speed up calculations in certain application programs. Check with your authorized Epson dealer to see which options are available. 2 Introduction (CEG™) technology (provided...
Page 15: Operating Systems And Other Software
600, 256-color resolutions up to 640 132-column text mode. See your VGA Utilities booklet for complete information. Epson also provides special device drivers that let you take advantage of the Edsun CEG technology. These drivers instruct specific applications to recognize the extra colors and higher resolutions made available by CEG.
Page 16: How To Use This Manual
How to Use This Manual This manual explains how to set up and operate your computer, install options, and run diagnostics checks. The illustrations show a computer with a instructions for using a 3½-inch drive are also included. Note Although this manual provides tips for using MS-DOS, it does not explain how to use an operating system.
Page 17: Where To Get Help
Call the Epson Consumer Information Center at (213) 782-2600 for the the location of your nearest Epson dealer or the nearest Customer Care Center. To locate or purchase accessories or supplies, contact your nearest Epson dealer.
Page 18: Chapter 1 Setting Up Your System
Chapter 1 Setting Up Your System Setting up your Equity 386SX/20 PLUS personal computer is easy. Just follow the eight steps in this chapter. As you set up your computer, you may want to leave this manual’s back cover foldout open so you can refer to the illustrations identifying the different parts.
Page 19 Before you set up your computer, it’s important to choose a safe, convenient location that provides the following: A large, sturdy surface. The desk or table should be strong enough to support the weight of your system and all of its components.
Page 20: Removing The Protector Card
Removing the Protector Card If you have a 5 l/+inch diskette drive, there is a protector card in the diskette slot. This card is inserted at the factory to protect the read/write heads in the drive. To remove it, flip the latch up to pop the card out part way, then pull it out, as shown below.
Page 21: Connecting A Monitor
Connecting a Monitor The procedure you use to connect your monitor to the computer depends on the type of monitor you have. If you have a VGA monitor (or a multi-frequency monitor with an analog connector), you can connect it to the computer’s built-in VGA port.
Page 22 4. Examine the connector end of the monitor cable, and position the plug to match the orientation of the monitor interface (marked with a monitor icon). Then insert the plug into the port (the connector should fit in easily when properly oriented), as shown below.
Page 23 6. If necessary, plug the monitor power cord into the monitor’s power inlet, as shown below. I I J, 7. Plug the other end of the power cord into an electrical outlet. Setting Up Your System...
Page 24: Using A Display Adapter Card
Using a Display Adapter Card If you are using a non-VGA monitor, you’ll need to install a display adapter (video) card in one of the computer’s option slots before you can connect the monitor. (Your dealer may have already installed the video card for you.) If the video card has not yet been installed, you’ll need to follow the instructions in Chapter 6 to install it.
Page 25: Connecting A Printer Or Other Device
Your computer has both parallel and serial interfaces. To connect a printer or other peripheral device to one of these interfaces, follow the instructions below. Of course, Epson offers a full range of printers; ask your dealer for more information.
Page 26 Once you have the correct printer cable, follow these steps: 1. Place the printer next to the computer with the back panels of both components facing you. 2. One end of the printer cable has a 25-pin, D-shell connector. Position the plug to match the orientation of the parallel interface (marked with a special icon).
Page 27 3. Connect the other end of the cable to the printer, as shown below. secure the cable, squeeze the clips at each side of printer port and push them into place. clips 4. Plug the printer’s power cord into a 120-volt, grounded electrical outlet.
Page 28: Using The Serial Interface
Using the Serial Interface If you have a printer, a modem, or other peripheral with a serial interface, you can connect it to the serial (RS-232C) port on the back of the computer. The serial port uses a DB-9P connector, so be sure you have a compatible cable.
Page 29: Connecting The Keyboard
Connecting the Keyboard Follow these steps to connect the keyboard: 1. Hold the keyboard cable connector so the arrow indicator on the housing faces up. Insert the plug into the appropriate socket, marked with a keyboard icon, as shown below. ’...
Page 30: Connecting The Mouse
2. You can raise the keyboard by adjusting the legs on the bottom. To change the angle of the keyboard, turn it over and flip each leg upward until it locks into place, as shown below. Connecting the Mouse Your computer has an auxiliary port for an IBM PS/2 compatible mouse that uses a miniature DIN (6-pin) connector.
Page 31 mouse connector Caution Although the mouse and keyboard connectors are physically identical, they cannot be used interchangeably. Be sure to insert the mouse plug into the mouse port. Once you have connected a mouse, you may need to add commands to your MS-DOS CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files to enable your computer to use a mouse.
Page 32: Connecting The Power Cord
Connecting the Power Cord Follow these steps to connect the power cord: 1. Plug the power cord into the AC power inlet on the back panel, as shown below. WARNING To avoid an electric shock, be sure to plug the cord into the computer before plugging it into the wall socket.
Page 33: Turning On The Computer
Turning On the Computer After you set up your system, you’re ready to turn on the power. But first, read the following safety rules to avoid accidentally damaging your computer or injuring yourself: Do not unplug cables from the computer when the power is Never turn on the computer with a protector card in the diskette drive.
Page 34 3. Turn on the monitor, printer, and any other peripheral devices connected to the computer. 4. To turn on the computer, press the power button located on the right side of the front panel, as shown below. The power indicator below the button lights up. After a few seconds, the computer starts to perform a diagnostic self test-a series of checks it completes each time you turn it on to make sure everything is working correctly.
Page 35: Turning Off The Computer
When the system has successfully completed its self test, you see a prompt to insert a system diskette. (Do not insert a diskette at this point.) If necessary, use the controls on your monitor to adjust the brightness and contrast until characters on the screen are clear and at a comfortable level of intensity.
Page 36: Chapter 2 Running The Setup Program
Chapter 2 R u n n i n g t h e S e t u p P r o g r a m The first time you use your Equity 386SX/20 PLUS, you need to run the Setup program on the Reference diskette to define the computer’s configuration.
Page 37: Automatic Configuration
Automatic Configuration The Equity 386SX/20 PLUS automatically defines your system’s memory configuration and recognizes a math coprocessor, if you have installed one. It also detects and configures most of the devices you have installed in your system. Therefore, you may not need to change any default settings in the Setup program.
Page 38: Cache Memory
Slide the diskette Then turn the latch down to lock it in a vertical position. (For more instructions on inserting and removing diskettes, including 3 l/z-inch diskettes, see Chapter 3.) 3. Turn on your system. (Remember to turn on your monitor and any peripherals before you turn on the computer.) The screen displays the Operation OPERATION MENU...
Page 39: Continuing From An Error Message
Continuing From an Error Message If your computer has never been set up, you may see an message and prompt(s), such as the following: System options not set 1 6 2 - (Run SETUP in REFERENCE DISK) (Resume = "F1" key) If you see an error message like this one, follow these steps: 1.
Page 40: Moving The Cursor Block
2. Be sure is highlighted and press Enter. The Setup program changes the setting that caused the error to a setting that is more likely to match your configuration. The screen displays the main Setup menu: Display Password Cache memory Processor speed Keyboard / Sound Real-time clock...
Page 41: Setting The Display Adapter Type
Note If the arrow keys on the numeric keypad do not appear to work, num lock mode may be enabled (turned on). If the Num Lock indicator in the upper right comer of the keyboard is lit, press the arrow keys on the numeric keypad. If you need to enter numbers while using the Setup program and you want to use the numeric keypad, press Follow the instructions in the rest of this chapter to use the...
Page 42 1. At the main Setup menu, highlight appears identifying the current display adapter type, such as the following: If the display adapter type is correct for your system, you can skip this section. 2. To change the display adapter setting, press cursor block moves into the submenu and you see an additional menu on the right side: Monochrome...
Page 43 If you have a composite color monitor, such as a color television with a video input, try selecting Column. If the resulting resolution is poor, run Setup again and select CGA 40 column. If you have a monochrome display adapter (MDA), an MGA, or a Hercules MGA attached to a monochrome monitor, choose Monochrome 80 column.
Page 44: Setting The Power-On Password
Setting the Power-on Password A power-on password is a feature that lets you control who can access your system. However, you do not need to set a power-on password to use your computer. If you do not want to set a password, skip this section.
Page 45 Note If a password already exists, this message appears: Power-on password already installed The Setup program does not allow you to enter a new password if you have already set one. However, you can easily change or delete the current password if you know it.
Page 46: Setting The Memory Caching
You must set a power-on password to turn on network server mode. If you did not yet enter a password, this message appears: Set a power-on password first To enter a password, highlight and follow steps 3 through 5 above. After you enter a powere-on password and turn network server mode on or off, highlight * * * * SETTINGS ****...
Page 47: Setting The Processor Speed
To check or change the memory cache setting, follow these steps: At the main Setup menu, highlight The current status appears: Cache is enabled If your memory cache setting is correct, you can skip the rest of this section. To change the setting, press into the submenu.
Page 48 When you set the processor to change speed automaticaly, the computer switches to low whenever it needs to access a diskette drive and runs at high for all other operations. Note You may not want to use the automatic setting for certain copy-protected programs.
Page 49: Setting The Keyboard And Speaker Options
4. Use ?+ or A to highlight the speed you want and press 5. Highlight to return to the main Setup menu. Setting the Keyboard and Speaker Options The Keyboard/Sound option lets you control these three features in your computer: P Speaker 0 Initial num lock mode 0 Keyboard repeat rate.
Page 50 Note If you are using the keyboard that came with your computer (or another IBM AT compatible keyboard), the default for the initial num lock setting is ON. If you are using a keyboard that has 83 or 84 keys, the initial num lock default setting is OFF.
Page 51: Setting The Rea-Time Clock
5. T change the keyboard repeat rate, highlight KB repeat rate. Y Slow Normal Fast Enter Press 7. Use ? or 1 to highlight the speed you want and press Enter. * * * SAVE SETTINGS 8. Highlight Enter to return to the main Setup menu. Setting the Real-time Clock The real-time clock in your computer continously tracks the time and date-even when the computer is turned off.
Page 52 Follow these steps to set the real-time clock: 1. At the main menu, highlight Real-time clock. If the time and date have been set previously, the current settings appear: Time Date If the time and date are correct, you can skip the rest of this section.
Page 53 You can use the backspace key to make corrections. When the time is correct, press time-for example, a number greater than or greater than 59 for the minutes or second-the computer ignores your entry. Try again. 5. To set or change the date, highlight Enter.
Page 54: Setting The Hard Disk Drive Configuration
Setting the Hard Disk Drive Configuration If your computer came with a factory-installed hard disk, your hard disk configuration has already been set and you can skip this section. If you installed or removed a hard disk, follow these steps to set the computer’s hard disk configuration: 1.
Page 55 Enter. You Press ( * ::z,:q Drive 1: Number of cylinders Number of heads Number of sectors 33 Precomp. cylinder Landing zone Total capacity (MB) The submenu lists the settings you can change for each drive: the number of cylinders, the number of read/write heads, the number of sectors, the precompensation cylinder, and the landing zone (the cylinder on which you park the heads when moving the computer).
Page 56 If your hard disk does not match one of the drive types listed in the Hard Disk Drive Types table, go to step 7. 6. Highlight Type and press appears: Type 60 Now select the drive type number that matches your hard disk configuration in the Hard Disk Drive Types table.
Page 57 The information for Number automatically updated on the submenu above and you see the next parameter, correct number of read/write heads for the hard disk and Enter. press Follow this same procedure for each remaining item in the settings list (the number of sectors, the precompensation cylinder, and the landing zone).
Page 58: Hard Disk Drive Types
Hard Disk Drive Types The following table lists the types of hard disk drives you can use in your computer. Check this table and the documentation supplied with your hard disk to find the correct number for the disk drive(s) installed in your computer. You need type of hard to enter this number when you set the hard disk drive configuration in the...
Page 59 Hard disk types (continued) drive Type no. Cylinders ST-506 ST-506 ST-506 1023 ESDI 1022 ESDI 1022 ST-506 1024 ESDI ST-506 1024 ST-506 ST-506 ST-506 ST-506 1024 ESDI ESDI ESDI ESDI ESDI 1022 ESDI ESDI ESDI 64-255 Notes 1. Miniscribe 8425F, Seagate ST125 2.
Page 60: Setting The Diskette Drive Type(S)
Setting the Diskette Drive Type(s) Your Equity 386SX/20 PLUS probably came with one factory- installed diskette removed one, you may need to change the diskette drive settings to match your configuration. If you haven’t made any changes, you can verify your drive type settings. Follow these steps: 1.
Page 61: Setting The Serial/Parallel Interfaces
4. Use J or T to highlight the correct capacity for your diskette drive and press selected. If you want to enter the type for another diskette drive, return to step 3. 5. When the diskette drive settings are correct, highlight ** SAVE SETTINGS block returns to the main Setup menu and you see the updated information for drives A and B.
Page 62 Follow these steps to change your built-in settings: interface 1. At the menu,highlight Serial/Parallel. The main for each current settings Serial Parallel 2. Press Enter to move the cursor block into the submenu. You see this additional option menu: Disabled Primary Secondary 3.
Page 63: Reviewing Your Settings
you want to change the setting to step 3. 5. When the serial and parallel port settings are correct, *** SAVE SETTINGS *** highlight Enter. The cursor block returns to the main Setup menu and you see your updated serial and parallel interface settings.
Page 64 There are two more Setup summary screens you need to check. display the next screen, Real-time clock Coprocessor Diskette drive Speaker Initial num lock Keyboard repeat rate Serial Parallel If you have never set the real-time clock, the entry at the top of the screen flashes to remind you to set the time and date.
Page 65: Leaving The Setup Menu
Check each Setup summary screen to see if all the information is correct. Y can press PgDn to display the next screen. If anything is incorrect, be sure Change settings The main Setup menu appears and you can change the appropriate settings.
Page 66 If the computer displays an error message while it is starting up, run the Setup program again and check the setting the error message indicates. If the computer still displays an error message after you check your Setup program settings, see Appendix A or C, or ask your dealer for assistance.
Page 67: Using Your Computer
Chapter 3 Using Your Computer This chapter briefly describes the following procedures for using your computer: 0 Installing MS-DOS or another operating system 0 Copying the Reference diskette files 0 Using special keys on the keyboard 0 Stopping a command or program 0 Resetting the computer 0 Using a power-on password 0 Using disks and disk drives.
Page 68: Copying The Reference Diskette Files
Copying the Reference Diskette Files If you have a hard disk, you’ll probably want to copy some of the files on your Reference diskette to the hard disk. This allows you to run the programs directly from your hard disk instead of having to insert a diskette.
Page 69: Special Keys On The Keyboard
Special Keys on the Keyboard Certain keys on your keyboard serve special functions when your computer is running The keyboard layout is shown below, and special keys are described in the table. main character keys Key functions Caps Lock Shift Ctrl MS-DOS or application programs.
Page 70 Key functions (continued) t Backspace J Enter Insert (Ins) Delete (Del) Home, End Page UP (PgUP) Page Down (PgDn) Num Lock F1-F12 Print Screen (PrtSc) SYS Rq (Req) Scroll Lock Pause Break Caps Lock, Num Lock, toggles; press the key once to turn on a function and again to turn it off.
Page 71: Stopping A Command Or Program
Stopping a Command or Program You may sometimes need to stop a command or program while it is running. Many programs provide a command you can use to cancel or even undo an operation. If you have entered an MS-DOS command that you want to stop, try one of the following commands: 0 Hold down the Ctrl key and press C.
Page 72 Caution Do not reset the computer as a means to exit a program. Some programs classify and store new data when you exit a program in the normal manner. If you reset the computer without properly exiting a program, you may lose data. To reset the computer, MS-DOS must be either on the hard disk or on a diskette in drive A;...
Page 73: Using A Power-On Password
Using a Power-on Password If you set power-on password when you ran the Setup program, you must enter it every time you turn on the computer or press RESET button. Follow these steps to use your password: 1. If you do not have a hard disk, insert your MS-DOS Startup diskette in drive A.
Page 74: Changing A Power-On Password
Note If you do not know the correct password, see “Password Problems” in Appendix A. Changing a Power-on Password To change your power-on password, follow these steps: 1. If you do not have a hard disk, insert your MS-DOS Startup diskette in drive A.
Page 75: Deleting A Power-On Password
Next time turn on new password. Deleting a Power-on Password To delete your power-on password, follow these steps: 1. If you do not have a hard disk, insert your MS-DOS Startup diskette in drive A. 2. Turn on the computer or press enter your current password followed by a forward slash.
Page 76: Using Disks And Disk Drives
Using Disks and Disk Drives The disk drives in your computer allow you to store data on disk, and then retrieve and use your stored data. This section explains how disks work and tells you how to: 0 Use different types of diskettes and diskette drives Q Care for your diskettes and diskette drives D Write-protect diskettes Cl Use a single diskette drive system...
Page 77 A disk is further divided by sectors, which are similar in shape to pie slices. The figure below provides a simple representation of tracks and sectors. Double-sided, double-density diskettes have either 40 or 80 tracks on each side, and double-sided, high-density diskettes have 80 tracks on each side.
Page 78: Types Of Diskette Drives
Your computer uses the read/write heads in a disk drive to store and retrieve data on a disk. spins it in the drive to position the the data is to be written is under the read/write head. A diskette has an exposed area where the read/write head can access it. Because data is stored magnetically, you can retrieve it, record over it, and erase it-just as you play, record, and erase music on a cassette tape.
Page 79 360KB drive-Use S1/+inch, doubleaided, double-density, 48 TPI, 360KB diskettes. (Y 160KB or 180KB diskettes.) These diskettes contain 40 tracks per side and 8 or 9 sectors per track. With 8 sectors per track, a diskette holds up to 320KB. With 9 sectors per track, a diskette holds up to 360KB of information, which is approximately 150 pages of text.
Page 80: Caring For Diskettes And Diskette Drives
drive/diskette compatibility 3 ‘/shah Drive type 720KB 1.44MB Because of these incompatibilities, always indicate the diskette type and density when you label your diskettes. (Usually this information appears on the manufacturer’s label.) If you have any combination of the above drives (1.44 MB, 1.2MB, 720KB, or 360KB), you can copy files from one drive to another-using COPY or XCOPY-as long as the correct diskette type is in each drive.
Page 81 Cl Keep diskettes away from dust and dirt. Small particles of dust or dirt can scratch the magnetic surface, destroy data, and ruin the read/write heads in a diskette drive. Cl Never wipe, brush, or try to clean diskettes in any way. 0 Keep diskettes in a moderate environment.
Page 82: Write-Protecting Diskettes
Write-protecting Diskettes You can write-protect a diskette to prevent its data from being altered. When a diskette is write-protected, you can read it and copy data from it, but you cannot store new data on it or delete any files it contains. If you try to change data stored on a write- protected diskette, MS-DOS displays an error message.
Page 83 On a 3%~inch diskette, the switch on the back of the diskette in the lower right comer, shown below. T write-protect a 31/z-inch diskette, slide the switch toward the edge of the diskette until it clicks into position, exposing a hole in the comer. To remove the write protection, slide the switch toward the center of the diskette until it clicks into position and the hole is covered.
Page 84: Using A Single Diskette Drive System
Using a Single Diskette Drive System MS-DOS expects the computer to have at least two diskette drives and displays prompts and messages accordingly. Usually, MS-DOS recognizes the first diskette drive (the top drive) as A and a second diskette drive as B. If you have only one diskette drive, MS-DOS can treat it as both A and when you need to perform operations that normally require two diskette drives.
Page 85: Inserting And Removing Diskettes
You can load MS-DOS from an application program diskette if that diskette contains the operating system. See your MS-DOS Reference Manual for information about creating a system diskette. Inserting and Removing Diskettes If you have a Sl/+inch diskette drive, insert a diskette as follows: hold the diskette with the label facing up and the read/write slot leading into the drive, as shown below.
Page 86 If you have a 3 i/z-inch diskette drive, insert the diskette with the label facing up and the metal shutter leading into the drive as shown in the following illustration. Slide the diskette into the drive until it clicks into place. When you want to remove the diskette, make sure the drive light is off;...
Page 87: Formatting Diskettes
Formatting Diskettes Before you can store data on a new diskette, you must format it using the FORMAT command. Formatting prepares the diskette so that MS-DOS can write data on it. You need to do this only once, before you use the diskette for the first time. You can also reformat previously used diskettes to store new data.
Page 88: Using A Hard Disk Drive
0 You can use the BACKUP command to back up hard disk files to diskettes. Because BACKUP can split large files across two or more diskettes, it makes more efficient use of diskette space than COPY or XCOPY. See your MS-DOS Reference Manual for instructions on using these commands.
Page 89 Backing up the hard disk While the hard disk is very reliable, it is essential to back up your hard disk files to diskettes in case you lose some data accidentally. Make copies of all your system and application program diskettes before copying the programs to the hard disk. After you create data files on the hard disk, be sure to copy them to diskettes whenever you revise them to keep your backup diskettes up-to-date.
Page 90 Many hard disk drives, including all Epson drives, automatically park their heads when you turn off the computer. If your hard disk drive does not do this, or if you are not sure that it does, be sure to run HDSIT.
Page 91: Chapter 4 Enhancing System Operations
Chapter 4 Enhancing System Operations This chapter tells you how to use the following procedures to enhance the operation of your computer: Using AUTOEXEC.BAT and other batch files Changing the processor speed Reassigning the diskette drives Using your computer as a network server Using expanded memory beyond 640KB Using special VGA features.
Page 92: Changing The Processor Speed
One batch file that you may find particularly useful is called AUTOEXEC.BAT. E very time you turn on your computer, MS-DOS looks for the AUTOEXEC.BAT file and automatically executes each of the commands. When you install MS-DOS, it automatically creates an AUTOEXEC.BAT file for you.
Page 93 Some copy-protected programs low speed while accessing the program on a diskette. These programs also usually require you to leave a key disk-the diskette that contains the copy protection-in the diskette drive. If you use a copy-protected program often, you may want to set your processor speed to change automatically to low speed when accessing the diskette and return to high speed when it is finished.
Page 94: Entering Keyboard Commands
you frequently use programs that require the processor to operate at low speed or require the automatic speed change when your computer is accessing a diskette, use Setup to change the processor speed. See Chapter 2 for instructions. If you use these programs only occasionally, you should use the keyboard commands or the to change the processor speed.
Page 95: Using The Espeed Program
To enter these commands, hold down the key and press the +, -, or * key located on the numeric keypad. The speed setting remains in effect until you press the button or turn off the computer, or until you change it again using the Setup program, another keyboard command, or the ESPEED program, described below.
Page 96 The message tells you the switches you should use to set the speed to high, low, or automatic speed. At the MS-DOS prompt, type the ESPEED command again and include the appropriate switch, such as the following: ESPEED /A This command sets the processor speed to change to low speed automatically when the computer accesses a diskette.
Page 97: Reassigning The Diskette Drives
See your MS-DOS Reference Manual for instructions on creating and using batch files. Reassigning the Diskette Drives If your system has two diskette drives, they are connected inside your computer so that the top drive is A and the bottom drive is B.
Page 98: Using The Afdd Program
Using the AFDD Program The AFDD program reverses the current diskette drive assignments and resets the system. When you are done using the reversed drive assignments, you can use the AFDD program again to reassign the drives to their original configuration. The AFDD program is provided with your system on the Reference diskette.
Page 99: Using Your Computer As A Network Server
If you are running the AFDD program from a hard disk, you can reassign the drives and reset the computer automatically. Type the following command and press AFDD /S The / switch tells the AFDD program to reset the computer, load MS-DOS, and change the diskette drive assignments without displaying the message.
Page 100: Using A Password In Network Server Mode
When you enable a power-on password but do not use network server mode, you enter the password before the computer loads MS-DOS. Once you load MS-DOS, anyone can access your system by typing commands on the keyboard. However, if you enable a power-on password and turn on network server mode, you can load MS-DOS before you enter the password.
Page 101: Using Expanded Memory Beyond 640Kb
Now you should be able to use your computer as desired. Press a key such as Enter to see if the keyboard accepts your command. If you entered an incorrect password, the computer does not respond. Type the correct password, press the computer again.
Page 102: Using Special Vga Features
See your MS-DOS Reference Manual for instructions on using EMM386.SYS. If you are using version 3.3 of MS-DOS and you did not get a memory manager with your system, ask your Epson dealer which expanded memory manager program you should use. Using Special VGA Features...
Page 103 Note To use graphic display drivers in 800 x 600 resolution, you must have a multi-frequency monitor capable of displaying these resolutions. Standard VGA monitors are not able to display them. The VGA Utilities diskette that came with your system contains device drivers for various application programs that require them.
Page 104: Accessing Internal Components
Be sure to heed all the cautions and warnings so you do not injure yourself or damage the computer. If you have any reservations about performing these steps yourself, ask your Epson dealer for assistance. Note You only remove the subassembly to access jumpers or the math coprocessor socket or to install or remove a disk drive.
Page 105: Removing The Cover
Removing the Cover Follow these steps to remove the cover from your computer: Turn off the computer and then any peripheral devices (including the monitor and printer). If the monitor is on top of the computer, lift it off and set it to one side.
Page 106 Notice the icons under the screw: unlocked locked screw 5. The cover is also secured by two latches on the back of the cover near the comers. Press both latches inward and then lift up the cover from the back panel. You might meet some resistance from the grounding tabs along the inside of the cover.
Page 107 7. Before you touch any of the components inside, touch the inside of the computer’s back panel, as shown below to ground yourself and avoid an electric shock and to avoid damaging the components. WARNING Be sure to ground yourself to the inside back panel of the computer every time you remove the cover.
Page 108: Removing The Subassembly
Removing the Subassembly In order to install disk drives or access the jumpers or math coprocessor socket on your computer’s main system board, you need to remove the subassembly. The subassembly is the large metal casing that holds the horizontal drive bays and the power supply, as shown below.
Page 109 2. Remove the front panel from the computer by lifting up slightly on the three clips at the top of the panel and tilting it toward you. Then set it aside. 3. To lift the subassembly from the front of the computer, place your thumbs under the diskette drive and grasp the top edge of the computer with the rest of your fingers, as shown below.
Page 110 4. Raise the front of the subassembly to a slight angle. Use one of your hands to hold up the subassembly at an angle or have someone hold it up for you. With your other hand, reach under the subassembly and disconnect the hard disk drive cable attached to the front right side of the main system board, as shown below.
Page 111: Replacing The Subassembly
6. Still holding up the subassembly, reach further back underneath it and disconnect the two power supply cables connected to the back right side of the main system board, as shown below. Pull each of the connectors straight up. Do not pull on the cables.
Page 112 There are four corresponding tabs on the inside back panel of the computer; these tabs fit into the openings in the subassembly slots. tabs Accessing Internal Components...
Page 113 2. Lift up the subassembly from your work surface and lower the back end into the computer into the openings in the top dots on the subassembly, as shown below. The subassembly is actually resting on the top tabs. 3. Hold up the subassembly at an angle. Reach under it and grasp the two main system board power supply cables leading from the power supply.
Page 114 Each connector has six pin holes and a large tab on one side, as shown below. The one 12-pin power supply socket (shown below) on the right side of the main system board (toward the back) holds both of the power supply connectors. large tabs power supply sockets...
Page 115 4. Position power supply connector P4 so the large tab on the connector faces the right side of the computer. Beginning with the six pins toward the back of the computer, carefully line up the large pin holes in the connector with the metal pins in the socket.
Page 116 7. Determine which cable is the hard disk drive cable and which is the diskette drive cable. Both the diskette drive and hard disk drive sockets on the main system board have a notch on one side. The hard disk drive socket is closest to the front of the main system board and the diskette drive socket is behind it.
Page 117 Caution If you do not correctly align the holes with the pins, you could severely damage your computer when you push in the connector. connect the hard disk drive cable in the same manner. 10. Carefully lower the front of the subassembly onto the computer.
Page 118 To replace the front panel, fit the three ridged tabs on its bottom edge into the three notches on the lower edge of the computer, as shown below. Note If you installed a diskette drive in the horizontal drive bay, you need to remove the slot cover from the front panel.
Page 119: Replacing The Cover
Replacing the Cover Follow these steps to replace the computer’s cover: Facing the back of the computer, hold the cover so that the side with three tabs on the edge points toward the front panel, as shown below. tabs 2. Insert the three tabs into the three notches in the back of the front panel of the computer.
Page 120 3. Lower the back of the cover onto the computer and press firmly on all edges to form a tight seal. down 4. Turn the large screw on the back panel clockwise to secure the cover to the computer. 5. Reconnect the computer to the monitor, printer, keyboard, and any other peripheral devices you have.
Page 121: Installing And Removing Options
C h a p t e r 6 Installing and Removing Options You can enhance the performance of your computer by adding a variety of options, including the following: CI Option cards 0 Memory modules 0 A math coprocessor. An option card is a circuit board you install in your computer to add a particular function.
Page 122: Changing The Jumper Settings
A math coprocessor speeds up the numeric calculations your computer performs you purchase a math coprocessor, it is a good idea to ask your dealer to install it for you, because it can be damaged easily. you decide to install it yourself, follow the steps in this chapter. This chapter also explains how to change the jumper settings inside the computer.
Page 123 System board jumper settings Jumper Jumper setting number A’ A’ A’ Factory settings The illustration below shows the locations of the jumpers on the main system board. SIMM sockets Function Color monitor is installed Monochrome monitor is installed Enables the built-in VGA display adapter Disables the built-in VGA display adapter so you can a display adapter on an option...
Page 124: Moving A Jumper
Moving a Jumper A jumper’s setting is determined by where the jumper is placed on the pins. The jumper either connects pin A and the middle pin (position A) or connects pin B and the middle pin (position B), as shown below. (The letters A and B are shown here for position only.
Page 125: Installing An Option Card
Your computer has four standard option slots: three 16-bit slots and one 8-bit access slot. Each slot can accommodate an option card. You can buy option cards from authorized Epson dealers as well as other vendors. This section explains how to install option cards in your computer.
Page 126 Slot 1 is designed for an 8-bit option card and slots 2 through 4 are designed for 16-bit cards. As you can see below, a 16-bit card has an extra connector along the bottom. 16-bit option card Usually it does not matter which slot an option card occupies as long as the card fits in the slot.
Page 127 2. You do not need to remove the subassembly to install an option card. If you install a display adapter card, you may need to change the settings of jumpers the case, see page 6-2 for instructions. 3. Remove the retaining screw from the top of the metal option slot cover;...
Page 128 5. Grip the card firmly by the top corners and position it at the top of the slot, as shown below. Make sure the connector pins point down and the component side faces the power supply inside the computer. 6. Insert the card into the slot, guiding it straight down. Once the connector pins reach the connector slot, push the card downward firmly (but carefully) to insert it fully.
Page 129: Removing An Option Card
7. Secure the end of the card to the back of the computer with the retaining screw. 8. Follow the instructions in Chapter 5 to replace the cover. 9. See “Post-installation Setup” at the end of this chapter to configure your computer to operate with the option card. Removing an Option Card If you need to remove an option card, follow these steps: 1.
Page 130: Adding Memory Modules
removing a 4. If you are change the settings of jumpers instructions. 5. Replace the cover. See Chapter 5 for instructions. 6. See “Post-installation Setup” at the end of this chapter to configure your computer to operate without the option card. A d d i n g M e m o r y M o d u l e s Your computer comes with 2MB of memory.
Page 131: Installing Memory Modules
Installing Memory Modules There are six SIMM sockets on the main system board organized in three banks consisting of two sockets each. Each socket can contain one SIMM. You must fill the sockets in any bank you use with the same type of SIMM.
Page 132 Follow to install the memory modules: these steps 1. Remove the computer’s cover. See Chapter 5 for instructions. (YOU do not need to remove the subassembly.) 2. Turn the computer so that the back panel faces your left and SIMM the front panel faces your right.
Page 133 The sockets are labelled as shown below. U16 U17 U20 U21 bank 0 If an option card is blocking access to the SIMM sockets, follow the steps on page 6-9 to remove the card(s). Hold the SIMM so the component side is facing to the left and the metal connector pins are facing down.
Page 134 5. T insert the of the tabs at an angle, as show 6. Gently push down on the SIMM and, at the same time, turn the top of the SIMM to the left until it is vertical and snaps into place between the tabs and the retaining posts. 6-14 Installing and Removing Options...
Page 135: Removing Memory Modules
If the SIMM does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull it all the way out and try again. Make sure the SIMM is fully inserted into the socket and that the pins on the retaining posts protrude through the holes in both ends.
Page 137 3. If an option card is blocking access to the SIMM sockets, follow the steps on page 6-9 to remove it. 4. Use your fingers or two small screwdrivers to pull away the tabs that secure the SIMM at each end. Be careful not to pull the tabs too far, or they may break.
Page 138 As you pull away the tabs, the angle. When the SIMM is at an angle, release the tabs and carefully remove it from the socket. 5. Repeat step 4 for each SIMM you need to remove. 6. Replace any option card(s) you may have removed to access the SIMM sockets.
Page 139: Installing A Math Coprocessor
Installing a Math Coprocessor Your computer has a socket on the main system board to accommodate an Intel 80387SX (20MHz) math coprocessor. A math coprocessor speeds up the numeric calculations your computer performs when using certain application software. It also increases the speed at which graphic images are displayed on your monitor when you use graphics-oriented software.
Page 140 The math coprocessor socket is located on the front right side of the main system board, as shown below. math coprocessor socket El cl Carefully follow these steps to install an Intel 80387SX math coprocessor: 1. Remove the math coprocessor from its package and set it aside.
Page 141 3. The math coprocessor socket is hollow and square. The upper right comer of the socket is notched, as shown below. There is also a notched comer on the math coprocessor, as shown below. Align the notched comer of the coprocessor with the notched comer of its socket.
Page 142: Removing A Math Coprocessor
Gently push the coprocessor into the socket, pressing evenly on all sides of the coprocessor. If the coprocessor does not go in smoothly, do not force it; pull it all the way out and try again, keeping it straight as you insert it. Examine the coprocessor to be sure it is inserted all the way into the socket.
Page 143: Post-Installation Setup
Beyond 640KB” in Chapter 4 for more information. If you install a hard disk drive that has never received a hardware level format (such as some non-Epson hard disk drives), you need to format the disk. Check the manual that came with your drive, and then, if necessary, follow the instructions in Appendix B to format your new hard disk.
Page 144 You may also want to test a newly-installed option. Some options come with their own diagnostics test programs, and you can test others with the diagnostics programs on your Reference diskette. You can use the System diagnostics program on your Reference diskette to test the following: 0 System memory D Math coprocessor...
Page 145: Installing And Removing Disk Drives
C h a p t e r 7 Installing and Removing Disk Drives This chapter describes how to do the following: 0 Install a hard disk or diskette drive 0 Remove a hard disk or diskette drive 0 Change the hard disk drive jumper settings. Your system can include up to three drives: either two diskette drives and one hard disk drive or one diskette drive and two hard disk drives.
Page 146: Using The Correct Drive Bay
Caution Installing or removing a disk drive is a complicated procedure, so you may want to ask your dealer to do it for you. If you decide to do it yourself, you must carefully follow all the instructions in this chapter or you could damage your equipment.
Page 147: How To Use This Chapter
The instructions in this chapter describe how to install and remove optional Epson diskette and hard disk drives. All drives sold by Epson for the Equity 386SX/20 PLUS are qualified and recommended for use in this system. Your drive may look a bit different from the one illustrated here, but you install it the same way.
Page 148: Setting The Hard Disk Drive Jumpers
0 When you have finished accessing your drives, see the instructions in Chapter 5 to replace the subassembly and the computer’s cover. Additional instructions in each section tell you which steps to perform next. Setting the Hard Disk Drive Jumpers You need to check or change the hard disk drive jumper settings if you install or remove any hard disk drives.
Page 149: Changing The Jumper Settings
A master drive is the drive on which you’ll install the operating system that the computer loads into its memory each time you turn it on. You can run application programs and store data on both the master drive and the slave drive, but the master drive must contain the operating system.
Page 150 The following table lists the jumper settings for all the possible hard disk drive configurations. Hard disk drive jumper One hard disk drive X = jumper installed - = no jumper installed To move a jumper from one position to the other, use your fingers, needle-nose pliers, or tweezers to pull it off its pins and gently move it to the other position.
Page 151: Installing A Hard Disk In The Vertical Position
If one of your hard disk drives is already installed in the computer, follow the steps under “Removing a Hard Disk From the Vertical Position,, on page jumpers on both drives while they are out of the computer. Note If you are removing one hard disk drive and leaving one in your computer, be sure to set the jumpers on the remaining drive to indicate that you have only one hard disk drive.
Page 152: Removing The Mounting Frames From The Drive
Removing the Mounting Frames From the Drive Your hard disk drive comes with 5 l/+inch mounting frames attached to each side of the hard disk drive, as shown below. There may be a plastic guide rail on one side. Follow these steps to remove the mounting frames (and guide rail) from the drive: 1.
Page 153 2. Remove the four screws securing the mounting frames to the hard disk drive. There are two screws securing each frame, as shown below. screws mounting frame Keep the four screws so you can use them to secure the mounting plate to the hard disk drive. Then set the drive aside with the component side facing up.
Page 154: Removing And Attaching The Mounting Plate
If you are installing a new hard disk drive in your computer, you need to attach a hard disk drive mounting plate to the drive. This mounting plate is currently attached to the side of the subassembly, as shown below. Follow these steps to remove the mounting plate from your computer: 1.
Page 155 Turn your hard disk drive so the components are facing up and the connectors at the back of the drive are facing your right. Place the flat side of the mounting plate on the hard disk drive, as shown below. components Installing and Removing Disk Drives mounting...
Page 156: Installing The Drive
5. Align the four holes on the mounting plate with the four holes on the bottom of the hard disk drive. 6. Locate the four screws that you removed from the 5 %nch mounting frames and use them to secure the mounting plate to the hard disk drive.
Page 157 2. Locate the hard disk drive ribbon cable that came in the box with your computer. connectors. you are reinstalling a hard disk drive, the ribbon cable is arranged under the subassembly.) Use the connector in the middle of the cable, indicated in the illustration above.
Page 158 The ribbon cable socket on the back of the drive has two rows of pins. In one of the rows, a pin is missing. 3. Align the connector with the socket so that the row in the connector with the blocked hole lines up with the row in the socket with the missing pin.
Page 159 Locate one of the power supply cables that lead from the power supply in the computer (behind the horizontal drive bays). The cables are labelled P1, P2, or P3 and have a clear plastic connector on one end. One cable is already attached to the diskette drive;...
Page 160 5. Line up the connector with the socket so that the notched comers are aligned. Make sure the holes fit over all the pins connector into the socket. Caution If you do not correctly align the holes with the pins, you could severely damage your hard disk drive when you push in the connector.
Page 161 6. Pick up the hard disk drive and hold it so the mounting plate is facing the subassembly, as shown below. tabs Notice that there are two tabs facing downward on the bottom of the mounting plate. These tabs will fit into two slots in the right side of the subassembly.
Page 162 7. Hold the subassembly up slightly as you it. Keep the cables to the right of the drive. As shown above, fit the tabs on the mounting plate into the slots on the side of the subassembly. Then tilt the drive toward the subassembly and align the retaining screw hole on the mounting plate with the hole in the bracket.
Page 163: Attaching The Cable To The Bottom Of The Subassembly
Attaching the Cable to the Bottom of the Subassembly If you are installing your first hard disk drive, follow these steps to attach the drive cable to the bottom of the subassembly so it does not interfere with the components on your main system board: 1.
Page 164 Wrap the tie wrap around the cable so that the mount is in between the cable and the subassembly, as shown below. Peel the backing off the mount and attach the mount to the subassembly. Turn the subassembly over again. See ‘Replacing the Subassembly”...
Page 165: Removing A Hard Disk From The Vertical Position
Removing a Hard Disk from the Vertical Position need to remove the hard disk drive from the vertical position in the following cases: The drive needs servicing. You are replacing the drive. You are adding a second drive (either another hard disk drive or a diskette drive) in the lower horizontal position.
Page 166 4. Disconnect the power supply connector and the ribbon cable connector from the sockets on the back of the hard disk drive, as shown below. Firmly pull the connectors straight out from the sockets so you do not bend the pins. Do not pull on the cables;...
Page 167: Installing Or Removing A Disk Drive In The Horizontal Position
Wrap the hard disk drive in its original packing materials and set it aside along with the hard disk drive ribbon cable. Replace the subassembly in the computer, and then replace the computer’s cover. See Chapter 5 for instructions. See “Post-installation Setup” in Chapter 6 for instructions on configuring your computer for use without a hard disk drive.
Page 168: Installing A Disk Drive In The Horizontal Position
If you are adding a 3 l/2-inch diskette drive or hard disk drive, you need to make sure that 5 i/4-inch metal mounting frames are attached to the drive so it fits properly in the drive bay. Epson 3 l/Anch drives come with mounting frames already installed.
Page 169 There are two or three holes on each side of the disk drive. When you insert the drive, align the appropriate round holes in the drive with the two oval holes on each side of the drive bay, as shown below. 3.
Page 170 4. After you align the drive, insert two screws into the oval holes on each side of the drive bay and tighten them with a screwdriver, as shown below. If you are installing a diskette drive, go to “Connecting a diskette drive.”...
Page 171 Locate the diskette drive to the top diskette drive and the other end is free. Use the connector in the middle of the cable to connect the second diskette drive. As shown in the next illustration, there is a large slot in this connector with a small plastic divider near one end of the slot.
Page 172 3. Make sure the cable interface and then push it onto the interface. Caution If you do not correctly align the connector, you could severely damage your diskette drive when you push it in. At this point, you can remove the slot cover from the front panel.
Page 173 2. Next, locate the hard disk drive ribbon cable that came with your computer. If you removed a drive from the vertical mounting position, the cable you disconnected from that drive should be strapped to the bottom of the subassembly by a tie wrap.
Page 174 4. Align the ribbon cable connector with the socket on the hard disk drive. Make sure the row in the connector with the blocked hole lines up with the row in the socket with the missing pin, as shown below. missing pin Make sure the holes fit over all the pins connector onto the pins.
Page 175 Connecting the power cables Follow these steps to connect the power supply cable for either a diskette drive or a hard disk drive in the horizontal bay: Looking at the subassembly, locate the power supply cables with clear plastic connectors labelled P1, P2, or P3 that lead from the power supply (behind the horizontal drive bays).
Page 176 2. Position the power supply cable connector so that the notched comers on the connector line up with the notched corners of the power supply socket on your drive. 3. Make sure the holes fit over all the pins and then push the connector onto the pins.
Page 177: Removing A Disk Drive From The Horizontal Position
Removing a Disk Drive From the Horizontal Position The figures in this section show a diskette drive in the lower horizontal drive bay, but you can use the same instructions to remove a hard disk drive from the lower bay or to remove a diskette drive from the upper bay.
Page 178 connector Remove the power supply from the back of the drive. power supply 3. Using a screwdriver, remove the screws securing the drive to the drive bay. There are two screws on each side. 7-34 Installing and Removing Disk Drives...
Page 179 4. Grasp the disk drive from the front of the drive bay, pull it completely out, and set it aside. 5. If you have removed one hard disk drive and are leaving another one in your system, make sure you have set the jumpers on the remaining drive to indicate that you now have only one hard disk drive.
Page 180: Appendix A Troubleshooting
See Appendix C for instructions. If the suggestions here or in Appendix C do not solve the problem, contact your authorized Epson dealer. Your dealer may be able to solve the problem; if not, he or she can refer you to an Authorized Epson Customer Care Center for service.
Page 181: Error Messages
If you have a hard disk, follow these steps: At the MS-DOS command prompt, type Enter. press ROMBIOS.COM is stored.) Write down the version number displayed on your screen. At the MS-DOS command prompt, type Enter. The screen displays the MS-DOS version number. Write down the number so you can give it to your dealer.
Page 182 If the error is not serious, you see this (Resume = "F1" key) Write down the error message and code number, and then press F1 to continue. Give the error message and code number to your dealer when reporting a problem. If the error is serious, the computer cancels further checking and halts system initialization.
Page 183 Power-on diagnostics error codes and messages (continued) Error code Memory Keyboard Monitor Diskette drive(s) and controller Parallel port (printer interface) Serial port (RS-232C port) 1101 Hard disk drive(s) and controller 1760 1761 1770 1771 1780 1781 1782 1790 1791 A-4 ‘Troubleshooting Message BIOS shadow RAM error Cache options error...
Page 184: The Computer Won't Start
Power-on diagnostics error codes and messages (continued) Error code Auxiliary device(s) 8601 8602 8603 The Computer Won’t Start If your computer does not start when you turn on the power, check the following: 1. Is the power light on? If not, remove any diskettes and turn off the power.
Page 185: The Computer Does Not Respond
If that doesn’t work, insert the Reference diskette in drive A and press the does not boot, contact your Epson dealer. Did you enter the correct password? See “Password Problems,” below. Could your software be causing the problem? If you are running an application program, see “Software Problems,”...
Page 186 MS-DOS Startup diskette in drive A. Then turn on the computer. It should load MS-DOS; if not, contact your Epson dealer. 9. If you installed an EGA or VGA display adapter card, or another type of card that you want to be the primary display adapter, you must set jumper J2 to disable the built-in VGA adapter.
Page 187: Password Problems
Password Problems If you set a power-on password using the Setup program, you must enter this password before you can use the system. When you turn on the computer, the screen displays a key prompt (% ). If you do not enter the correct password, you see an on the screen.
Page 188: Removing A Password
4. If you do not know the current power-on password and you do not want to set a below. 5. If you do not know the current power-on password and you want to set a new one, see “Setting a New Password” below. Removing a Password If you have forgotten your password and you do not want to set a new one, there are two ways to remove the current password:...
Page 189 Disabling an existing password If you do not know your power-on password and do not want to set a new one, follow these steps to disable the existing password: l . Turn off the computer and follow the instructions under “Changing the Jumper Settings”...
Page 190: Setting A New Password
Disabling the password function If you do not want to use a power-on password anymore, you can disable the password function. However, if you want to use the password function later, your old password is still stored as the current password. If you want to be able to easily set a password later, follow the instructions in “Disabling an Existing Password,”...
Page 191: Keyboard Problems
5. Remove the Reference diskette, turn off the computer, and follow the instructions under “Changing the Jumper Settings” in Chapter 6 to enable the password function (jumper J3). 6. If you do not have a hard disk, insert the MS-DOS Startup diskette in drive A.
Page 192: Monitor Problems
Note Be sure the keyboard plug is inserted into the keyboard socket and not the mouse socket. See “Connecting the Keyboard” in Chapter 1 for instruct ions. 2. If the cursor keys do not work properly, the num lock function may be on. When num lock is on, the numeric/ arrow keys on the numeric keypad work only as numbers.
Page 193: Troubleshooting
If the monitor’s power light still does not come on, check the electrical outlet for unplug it from the wall outlet. Plug a lamp into the wall outlet and turn it on to see if the outlet supplies power. If you still do not see anything on the screen, make sure your monitor is connected to the computer properly.
Page 194: Diskette Problems
If you are using one or more display adapter cards, you may need to change the setting of jumper J1. This jumper tells the computer whether you are using a color or monochrome monitor. (J1 is set for color at the factory.) If the jumper is set incorrectly, you will see one of these messages: Cl 401 CRT error...
Page 195 You may have inserted the diskette upside-down or it my not be inserted all the way. Remove the diskette from the drive and reinsert it with the label facing up. Be sure to turn down the diskette drive latch. (See Chapter 3 for detailed instructions on inserting and removing diskettes.) If reinserting the diskette does not solve the problem and you have access to another diskette drive of the same type,...
Page 196 5. If your diskette is the right type for your drive, see if it is write-protected. On a 5 l/+inch diskette, there may be a write-protect tab over the notch on its side or there may be no notch. On a 3 l/z-inch diskette, the write-protect switch may be set to the write-protect position or there may be no switch.
Page 197: Diskette Drive Problems
Appendix C. If the diagnostics program indicates an error, consult your Epson dealer. 2. If the diskette drive is making loud noises, do not attempt any further examination of it. Contact your Epson dealer. Note Diskette drives may make different sounds with different diskettes.
Page 198: Hard Disk Problems
3. If your diskette drive read/write heads are dirty, you may occasionally see this MS-DOS error message: Error Reading Drive d: Abort, Retry, or Fail? To clean the read/write heads, use a diskette drive head cleaning kit, available from most computer stores. However, do not use a cleaning kit too often because excessive cleaning can damage your drive heads.
Page 199: Installing The Drive
The problem could be the result of improper installation, incomplete disk preparation, or corrupted data. The suggestions in this section are divided into three categories: 0 Installing the drive 0 Preparing the drive for use 0 Accessing data on the drive. Consult the section that seems most likely to cover the problem you are having.
Page 200: Preparing The Drive
If you installed a non-Epson hard disk drive, was it physically formatted by the manufacturer? A blank, new hard disk must be formatted (or “initialized”) before you can partition it and install an operating system on it. This type of format is usually done by the manufacturer; if yours was not, you must do it yourself.
Page 201: Accessing Data On The Drive
2. Partition the drive, format MS-DOS. Step-by-step instructions for performing these procedures are provided in your Guide. If you are using another operating system, follow the instructions that came with it. If you do not prepare the drive correctly, you will not be able to store data on the disk.
Page 202: Software Problems
Software Problems If you are having trouble with an application program, try the following solutions: 1. If the application program does not start, check that the program is installed correctly and that you are following the correct procedure for starting the program. If you have a hard disk and the program is stored in a directory on that drive, make sure you are logged onto or specifying the correct directory.
Page 203: Printer Problems
Printer Problems Below are some general steps to follow if you are having difficulty with your printer. If the problem persists and you need more detailed information, check your printer manual. You may see one of the following error messages: D 9 0 1 Parallel port error 0 1101 Serial port error.
Page 204: Option Card Problems
If it does not, you may need to change the internal setting of the computer’s parallel port for a parallel printer (or serial port for a serial printer). To do this, use the MS-DOS MODE command or the MENU utility. See your printer manual and the MS-DOS Reference Manual details.
Page 205: Mouse Problems
Did you install a hard disk drive that has its controller on an option card? If so, and if your computer came with a hard disk drive that you are no longer using, be sure the cable leading from that drive to the main system board and the hard disk drive power cable are disconnected.
Page 206: Memory Module Problems
Memory Module Problems If you added extra memory to your system by installing SIMMs and that memory is not operating properly, check the following: 1. If the memory count displayed by the power-on diagnostics program is incorrect, you or your dealer may not have installed the SIMMs correctly.
Page 207 Caution Do not attempt to remove the math coprocessor yourself. Contact your dealer for information about a special extraction tool that is needed to remove it. 2. If your math coprocessor is listed as installed in the Setup program but still does not seem to be working, check the manual that came with the math coprocessor for any additional procedures you may need to perform or any troubleshooting information.
Page 208: Appendix B Physically Formatting A Hard Disk
If your computer came with a factory-installed hard disk, or if you have installed an optional Epson hard disk, it has already been physically formatted. You need only follow the instructions in the MS-DOS Installation Guide to prepare your hard disk for use.
Page 209: Choosing The Type Of Format
Caution If you are unsure if formatting is necessary, contact your Epson dealer for assistance. In addition to destroying all the data on the hard disk, formatting removes any partitions and logical formatting defined on the disk by FDISK, SELECT, or FORMAT. After you physically format a new or used hard disk (using option the Hard Disk Format Menu), you need to install MS-DOS.
Page 210: Reformatting A Used Disk
The formatting options work as follows: 0 Format first scans the disk (if it has no defective track table) for defective (bad) tracks and lets you decide which tracks to mark as bad. Then the program formats the disk and marks the bad tracks so they are never used to store data.
Page 211: Formatting A New Disk
You may need to modify the defective track table to add the bad tracks. Other hard disks (such as those supplied by Epson) come with the bad tracks already flagged. If you are formatting a new hard disk that has never been formatted, select the Format option to format the disk.
Page 212: Option 1, Format
Option 1, Format If you select 1 -Format you see the following (for a disk that does not have a defective track table): Format Hard Disk Scan hard disk to get defective track information (If the disk already has a defective track table, you do not see the message because the disk does not need to be scanned for bad tracks.) Select...
Page 213 Next you see this prompt: Accept recommended skewed sectors per head in format : For an Epson hard disk drive, accept the recommended value of 0. For another type of drive, use the value recommended in the documentation for the drive.
Page 214: Modifying The Defective Track Table
The program now allows you to edit the defective track table: Head Cylinder Cylinder Head Defective Track Table: Modify defective track table ? (Y/N) At the bottom of the table is this prompt: Modify defective track table ? (Y/N) Select to add bad tracks to the defective track table.
Page 215 2. Type the number of the cylinder containing the bad track Enter. You and press Enter head number (0 -nn): 3. Type the head number for the bad track and press To cancel the operation, press When you complete a valid entry, it appears in the table and you can add the next bad track, if necessary.
Page 216: Formatting The Disk
Formatting the Disk When you are ready to start formatting the disk, following warning: WARNING! ALL PARTITIONS OF HARD DISK, NOT JUST IN MS-DOS PARTITION! you want to start If you are not sure you want to format the hard disk, select you are sure, select cancel: DOUBLE CHECK THAT YOU HAVE BACKUP...
Page 217: Option 2, Destructive Surface Analysis
see the head and cylinder progresses. When formatting is complete, the program flags any bad tracks and you see a series of messages like these: Format finished. Flagging bad tracks... Cylinder is Format completed. Press ENTER to return to the menu. Enter Press to return to the Hard Disk Format Menu.
Page 218 To start this test, select 2-Destructive Surface analysis from the Hard Disk Format Menu. You see these messages: Analyze Hard Disk Read/Save/Write/Read/Restore/Read check for all tracks... Current cylinder As the program checks each track, it counts the cylinder numbers (nnnn) down to zero. When the test is complete, the program displays a report on the status of the disk, including a table of unflagged tracks that produced write, read errors-such as the following:...
Page 219: Option 3, Non-Destructive Surface Analysis
To flag the error tracks as bad, select tracks as they are flagged Flagging bad tracks... Cylinder is 237, head is 2 Press ENTER to return to the menu. Enter Press to return to the Hard Disk Format Menu. Option 3, Non-destructive Surface Analysis The Non-destructive surface analysis does not destroy any data, and you can use it to safely check the condition of your hard disk drive.
Page 220: Exiting The Hard Disk Format Menu
If the program finds errors, the screen displays a table tracks that gave errors, similar to the one the Destructive surface analysis displays. After the status reports, you see this message: Press ENTER to return to the menu. Check the information displayed. the Hard Disk Format Menu.
Page 221: Appendix C Performing System Diagnostics
A p p e n d i x C Performing System Diagnostics This appendix describes how to check the operation of the main unit and peripheral devices of your computer. You check these devices using the diagnostics program on your Reference diskette.
Page 222: Starting System Diagnostics
Starting System Diagnostics To run the System diagnostics program, you must turn on or reset your computer with the Reference diskette in drive A. If you start this program in any other way, some tests may produce strange results. To start the System diagnostics program, follow these steps: 1.
Page 223 If the list correctly describes your system, make sure Enter. highlighted and press or if you want change the list, press see “Modifying the Device List” on page C-5. Note If your system uses the built-in VGA adapter or an EGA or VGA card with a color monitor, your device list should include item 5, Color graphics adapter and CRT.
Page 224: Selecting An Option
Selecting an Option When you are using the System diagnostics program, you often need to select an option from a menu. There are two ways to do this: 0 You can use the arrow keys (? L c -)) to highlight the option you want and then press Enter to select it.
Page 225: Modifying The Device List
Modifying the Device List If an installed device is missing from the Device List, you must add it to the list and test it carefully. At the following prompt, select DEVICE LIST is correct ? (Y/N) You see this menu: 1 - Add device - Delete device 0 - Finish modification...
Page 226: Selecting A Test
To remove a device from the list, select 2 (Delete device). The screen displays the current Device List. Select the item you wish to delete. You can delete as many devices as necessary. When the Device List is correct, select 0. The screen displays the modified Device List for a final check and these options: - Add device 2 - Delete device...
Page 227 You can specify that the test be performed one time only or any number of times in the range from 1 to 9999. Running a test multiple times is for reliability testing of essential functions only; in most cases, running a test once is sufficient. To perform the test once, select 1.
Page 228: Resuming From An Error
Resuming From an Error If an error occurs during a test, the test stops at that point, and an error code and error message appear. problem, you can print out the message on your printer. You see this prompt: Do you want a printout of the error message(s) ? (Y/N) To continue without printing the error message, select Before you request a printout, be sure your printer is ready and...
Page 229: Error Codes And Messages
The table below lists the tests you can run on the system’s internal devices and on any optional devices You may not see all of the tests listed when you run System diagnostics. Some tests appear only if you have installed certain types of equipment.
Page 230: Error Codes And Messages
Error Codes and Messages The following table lists all the error codes and messages that may appear during system diagnostics testing. system diagnostics error codes and messages Error code Message System board CPU ERROR ROM CHECKSUM ERROR TIMER COUNTER REGISTER ERROR TIMER COUNTER ERROR DMA CONTROLLER REGISTER ERROR REFRESH ERROR...
Page 231 System diagnostics tests (continued) Tests available Device Dot-matrix Hard disk drive(s) and controller Alternate parallel port (on option card) Parallel port on a video adapter Seek check Write, read check Read, verify check Run all above checks Performing System Diagnostics Description Tests the operation of a...
Page 232 Device Color graphics adapter and CRT Diskette drive(s) and controller Math coprocessor Parallel port (printer interface) Serial port (RS-232C) Alternate serial port (on option card) Performing System Diagnostics C-10 Tests available Adapter check Attribute check Character set check Graphics mode check Screen paging check Light pen check Video check...
Page 233 System diagnostics error codes and messages (continued) Error code Message Monochrome display adapter and CRT ERROR IN ADAPTER CHECK ERROR IN ATTRIBUTE CHECK ERROR IN CHARACTER SET CHECK ERROR IN GRAPHICS MODE CHECK ERROR IN SCREEN PAGING CHECK ERROR IN LIGHT PEN CHECK ERROR IN VIDEO CHECK ERROR IN SYNC CHECK Color graphics adapter...
Page 234 Error code Message Parallel port (printer interface) ERROR PIN p Serial port (RS-232C port) 1101 control signal ALWAYS LOW 1101 control signal 1102 TIMEOUT ERROR 1103 VERIFY ERROR Alternate serial port 1201 control signal 1201 control 1202 TIMEOUT ERROR 1203 VERIFY ERROR Dot-matrix printer 1401...
Page 235: Appendix D Specifications
A p p e n d i x D S p e c i f i c a t i o n s CPU and Memory System memory Shadow RAM Cache controller Cache RAM Math coprocessor (optional) Clock/calendar 80386SX microprocessor, 20 MHz system clock speed, 20 MHz or simulated 8 MHz processor speed, selectable through software or keyboard command...
Page 236: Controllers
Controllers Diskette Hard disk Interfaces Monitor Serial Parallel Mouse port Keyboard Option slots Supports up to two drives in any of four formats: 5 ‘/4-&h, high-density, 1.2MB; 5 ‘/+-inch, double-density, 360KB; 3 ‘/z-inch, high-density, 1.44MB; or 3 1/z-inch, double-density, 720KB; controller on main system board Supports up to two half-height drives;...
Page 237: Power Supply
Speaker Power Supply Input ranges Maximum outputs Mass Storage Diskette drives Internal; operation controllable by software 140W, f&cooled, automatic (worldwide) input voltage sensing 98 to 132 VAC and 195 to 264 VAC +5 VDC at 18 Amps, +12 VDC at 4.2 Amps -12 VDC at 0.3 Amps, -5 VDC at 0.3 Amps...
Page 238: Keyboard
Hard disk drives Keyboard Layout Function Environmental Requirements Operating Condition range Temperature 41° to 95° F (5° to 35° C) 20% to 80% Humidity ( non- condensing) Attitude 68° F Maximum wet bulb (20° C) 3 ‘/r4nch form factor hard disk drive(s); up to half-height size;...
Page 239: Physical Characteristics
Physical Characteristics Width Depth Height Weight (without keyboard) 15 inches (374 mm) 16.75 inches (419 mm) 6 inches (151 mm) Single diskette drive model: 20.75 lb (9.4 kg)
Page 240 G l o s s a r y Address A number or name that identifies the location where information is stored in a computer’s memory. Analog monitor A monitor that generates, responds to, or acts upon analog data. Analog data is transmitted by varying the voltage levels in a continuous current.
Page 241 Automatic speed that The feature from high speed (20 MHz) to low speed (simulated when accessing a diskette drive. Backup An extra copy of a program, data file, or disk, that you should create in the event your working copy is damaged or lost. Base memory The memory in the computer below MS-DOS and application programs-usually 640KB.
Page 242 A sequence or group of eight bits that represents one character. Cache memory A high-speed type of memory buffer that stores information from base or extended memory where your system can access it faster. Color Graphics Adapter. A type of display adapter card that can generate up to 25 lines of text with 80 characters on each line, monochrome graphics at 640 graphics at 320...
Page 243 Command prompt The symbol or message that tells you MS-DOS is loaded and ready to receive instructions. The default command prompt displays the current drive and directory. If you are logged onto drive C, the command prompt may look like this: Configuration The particular setup of a group of components.
Page 244 Central Processing Unit. The primary unit of the computer that interprets instructions, performs the tasks you indicate, keeps track of stored data, and controls all input and output operations. Cursor The highlighted marker that shows your position on the screen. Cylinders The vertical alignment of tracks in a hard disk that can be lined up under one read/write head.
Page 245 Device A piece of equipment that is part of a computer system and performs a specific task, such as a disk drive, a monitor, or a printer. Device driver A file containing instructions that allow your computer to recognize and control a device. The Equity 386SX/20 PLUS comes with device drivers that provide super VGA features for various programs when used with a multi-frequency monitor.
Page 246 Diskette A flat piece of flexible plastic coated with magnetic material used to store data permanently. Available in either 3 $-inch or 5 l/,-inch format. Display adapter card A circuit board that can be installed in one of the computer’s option slots to provide the monitor interface.
Page 247 Expanded memory Memory that specially written can use with an Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) device driver such as EMM386.SYS. Extended Memory Memory above 1MB that is accessed by the protected mode of the 80386SX microprocessor and is available to some application programs and operating systems.
Page 248 Graphics Lines, angles, curves, and other nonalphanumeric data. Hard disk The enclosed unit used to store large amounts of data. Unlike a diskette, it is fixed in place. It can process data more rapidly and store many more files than a diskette. Also called fixed disk. Hardware Any physical component of a computer system, such as a monitor, printer, keyboard, or CPU.
Page 249 Interleave factor The number of physical sectors on a disk drive that the computer skips when reading consecutive logical sectors the same track. An interleave factor of 1:1 indicates that the data is stored on the drive in adjacent sectors. Larger ratios indicate that the data is not stored sequentially.
Page 250 MCGA Multi-Color Graphics Array. This mode provides CGA compatibility as well as two-color 640 320x200 modes. Monochrome Display Adapter. A type of display adapter that displays text in only one color, such as green or amber. Megabyte (MB) A unit used to measure storage space in a computer’s memory or on a disk.
Page 251 Multi-mode Graphics Adapter. A type of display adapter card that can display monochrome text and color graphics on the screen. Microprocessor A small version of a CPU contained on one semiconductor chip. Modem A device that allows a computer to transmit signals over telephone lines so it can send and receive data.
Page 252 Multi-frequency monitor A monitor that allows variable horizontal and vertical sync frequencies. This type of monitor supports a large range of video display modes and is required to support the 800 graphics mode. Network server The master computer in a network which provides storage space for the other computers connected to it.
Page 253: Glossary
Option card A circuit board you install inside the computer to provide additional capabilities, such as a Parallel The type of interface that transmits all the bits in a byte of data simultaneously over separate lines. See Parameter A qualifier added to a command that tells MS-DOS what particular conditions to look for and specifies information such as what data you want to process and where to locate or store a file.
Page 254 Port A physical input/output socket on a computer where you can connect a peripheral device. Power-on diagnostics Tests that the computer runs to check its internal circuitry and configuration each time you turn it on. Power-on password The sequence of characters you type after you turn on the computer in order to access and use your system.
Page 255 Read To move data from one area to another. For example, when you open a text file stored on disk, the computer reads the data from the disk and displays it on the screen. Read/write head The physical device inside a disk drive that reads and records data on the magnetic surface of a disk.
Page 256 R S - 2 3 2 C A widely used, standard type of serial interface. You can easily connect an RS-232C compatible device to the built-in port on your computer. Sector A contiguous section of a disk track that provides an address at which the computer can access data.
Page 257 Super VGA mode Special features of the built-in are using certain display drivers and a multi-frequency monitor. These features include 132 column text mode and resolutions up to 800 x 600 in Switch An option added to an MS-DOS command that modifies the way the command works.
Page 258 Video card A display adapter card that can be installed in one of the computer’s option slots to provide a monitor interface. Your computer comes with a built-in VGA adapter, so you do not need to install a video card in your system if you are going to use this interface.
Page 259 I n d e x AFDD program, 3-2, 4-7-9 Alternate parallel port check, C-11 Alternate serial port check, C-10 Analog monitor, 4-12 AUTOEXEC.BAT, 1-14,2-30, 4-l-2 Automatic configuration, 2-2 Automatic speed change, 2-12-14, 4-2-7 Auxiliary device problems, A-26 Backing up data, from diskettes, 3-21 -22 on hard disk, 3-22-23 with BACKUP, 3-22...
Page 260 Copying diskettes, 3-14, 3-21 files, 3-2, 3-21-23 Coprocessor, see Math coprocessor Copy-protected programs, 4-3 Cover, removing, 5-24 replacing, 5-1617 CPU, D-1 CPU speed, see Processor speed CTRL, 3-3 CTRL ALT +, 4-4-5 CTRL ALT -, 4-4-5 CTRL ALT *, 4-4-5 CTRL ALT DEL, 3-6 CTRL BREAK, 3-5 CTRL C, 3-5...
Page 261 Environmental requirements, D-4 Epson Consumer Information Center number, Intro-5, A-1 Error codes and messages, 2-4-5, A-2-5, C-12-14 ESPEED program, 3-2, 4-3-6 Expanded memory, 4-11-12 Extended memory, 2-2, 2-28, 4-11-12 FDISK, B-2 Files, AFDD.EXE, 3-2, 4-7-9 AUTOEXEC.BAT, 1-14, 2-30, 4-1-2 backing up, 3-21-23 batch, 4-1-2 CONFIG.SYS, 1-14,2-30...
Page 262 Keyboard, adjusting angle, 1-13 cable, 1-12 check, C-9 connecting, 1-12-13 controller check, A-2 interface, D-2 layout, 3-3, D-4 problems, A- 12-13 repeat rate, 2-14-16 special keys, 3-3-4 speed commands, 4-4-5 Key prompt, 2-9, 3-7-9, 4-10 LIM 4.0 EMS, 4-11 Loading MS-DOS, 3-18-19 Location, choosing for computer, 1-1-2 Low-level format, see Physical...
Page 263 Network server, 4-9 -11 Network server mode, 2-9-11, 3-7, 4-9 -11 Non-destructive surface analysis, B-2-3, B-12-13 Non-interlaced mode, 4-12, A-1 Num lock, initial, 2-14-16 mode, 2-6, 2-14-16 Operating speed, see Processor speed Operation Menu, 2-3 Option cards, configuring, 6-23-24 installing, 6-1, 6-5-9 memory, 6-1 problems, A-25 -26 removing, 6-9-10...
Page 264 RAM check, A-2 Random access memory (RAM), Intro-l, 2-1,3-18, A-2 Read only memory (ROM), Intro-l, A-2, D-1 Read/write heads, 3-12, 3-23 -24 Read/write slot, 3-15, 3-19 Real-time clock, 2-16 -18, D-1 Reassigning diskette drives, 4-7-9 Redirecting printer output, 1-11 Reference diskette, 2-1, 3-2, 6-23 -24 Removing diskettes, 3-19 -20 RESET button, 3-6 -9 Resetting the computer, 3-5-6...
Page 265 TIME, 2-16 Time, setting, 2-16-18 Timer check, A-2 Tracks, 3-10 -13 Troubleshooting, A-1 -28 TURBO light, 4-2 Turning off computer, 1-18 Turning on computer, 1-16 -18 Utilities, CEG, 4-13 VGA, 4-12 -13 VER, A-2 VGA BIOS, 2-7-8 VGA port, connecting monitor, 1-44 setting jumper, 6-6 -10 setting type, 2-7 -9 specifications, D-2...
Page 266 E Q U I T Y 3 8 6 S X / 2 0 P L U S U s e r’s G u i d e...
Page 267 diskette drive hard disk access light diskette release latch power light TURBO speed light RESET button hard disk or diskette drive bay keyboard cable socket serial port...
Page 268 EPSON Overseas Marketing Locations EPSON America, Inc. 20770 Madrona Avenue Torrance, CA 90503, U.S.A. Phone: (2 13) 782-0770 EPSON France S.A. B.P. 320, 68 Bis Rue Marjolin 92305 Levallois-Perret Cedex, France Phone: 33-1-4737-3333 Telex: 42-610657 EPSON Singapore PTE. LTD.
Page 269 Epson America, Inc. 20770 Madrona Avenue, Torrance, CA 90503...

This manual is also suitable for:

Equity 386sx/20 plus

Epson EQUITY 3865X/20 PLUS User Manual

Introduction

Chapter 1 Setting up Your System

Chapter 2 Running the Setup Program

Chapter 3 Using Your Computer

Special Keys on the Keyboard

Chapter 4 Enhancing System Operations

Chapter 5 Accessing Internal Components

Chapter 6 Installing and Removing Options

Chapter 7 Installing and Removing Disk Drives

Appendix A Troubleshooting

Appendix B Physically Formatting a Hard Disk

Appendix C Performing System Diagnostics

Appendix D Specifications

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

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Summary of Contents for Epson EQUITY 3865X/20 PLUS