Page 1: Table Of Contents
Principles Fundamental Principles of 2 NC Programming 3 Creating an NC program SINUMERIK 4 Tool change 5 SINUMERIK 840D sl / 828D Tool offsets Fundamentals 6 Spindle motion 7 Feed control 8 Programming Manual Geometry settings 9 Motion commands 10 ...
Page 2 Note the following: WARNING Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended or approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and maintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems.
Page 3: Programming Manual
Training For information about the range of training courses, refer under: • www.siemens.com/sitrain SITRAIN - Siemens training for products, systems and solutions in automation technology • www.siemens.com/sinutrain SinuTrain - training software for SINUMERIK FAQs You can find Frequently Asked Questions in the Service&Support pages under Product Support.
Page 4 Preface SINUMERIK You can find information on SINUMERIK under the following link: www.siemens.com/sinumerik Target group This publication is intended for: • Programmers • Project engineers Benefits With the programming manual, the target group can develop, write, test, and debug programs and software user interfaces.
Page 5: Sinumerik 828D
Preface Information on structure and contents "Fundamentals" and "Advanced" Programming Manual The description of the NC programming is divided into two manuals: 1. Fundamentals This "Fundamentals" Programming Manual is intended for use by skilled machine operators with the appropriate expertise in drilling, milling and turning operations. Simple programming examples are used to explain the commands and statements which are also defined according to DIN 66025.
Page 6 Preface Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 7 Table of contents Preface.................................3 Fundamental Geometrical Principles ......................13 Workpiece positions ........................13 1.1.1 Workpiece coordinate systems ....................13 1.1.2 Cartesian coordinates ........................ 14 1.1.3 Polar coordinates ........................17 1.1.4 Absolute dimensions ......................... 18 1.1.5 Incremental dimension ......................20 Working planes.......................... 22 Zero points and reference points....................
Page 8 Table of contents 4.2.2 Tool change with M6 with active tool management (option) ............62 Behavior with faulty T programming ..................64 Tool offsets ..............................65 General information about the tool offsets................. 65 Tool length compensation......................66 Tool radius compensation......................67 Tool compensation memory ......................
Page 9 Table of contents Geometry settings ...........................159 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) ......159 Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19)............... 165 Dimensions..........................168 8.3.1 Absolute dimensions (G90, AC) ....................168 8.3.2 Incremental dimensions (G91, IC) ................... 171 8.3.3 Absolute and incremental dimensions for turning and milling (G90/G91) .......
Page 10 Table of contents 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332)............... 260 9.13 Tapping with compensating chuck (G63) ................265 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, POLFMLIN)..................... 267 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) ..........271 Tool radius compensation ........................277 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) ..............
Page 11 Table of contents Supplementary commands ........................385 14.1 Messages (MSG)........................385 14.2 Writing string in OPI variable (WRTPR) .................. 387 14.3 Working area limitation ......................388 14.3.1 Working area limitation in BCS (G25/G26, WALIMON, WALIMOF) ........388 14.3.2 Working area limitation in WCS/SZS (WALCS0 ... WALCS10) ..........392 14.4 Reference point approach (G74) .....................
Page 12 Table of contents Tables ..............................441 16.1 Operations ..........................441 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D ................ 489 16.3 Addresses..........................511 16.4 G function groups ........................520 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls ..................... 536 16.6 Predefined subroutine calls in motion-synchronous actions............ 551 16.7 Predefined functions ........................
Page 13: Fundamental Geometrical Principles
Fundamental Geometrical Principles Workpiece positions 1.1.1 Workpiece coordinate systems In order that the machine or the control can work with the positions specified in the NC program, these specifications have to be made in a reference system that can be transferred to the directions of motion of the machine axes.
Page 14: Fundamental Geometrical Principles
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions 1.1.2 Cartesian coordinates The axes in the coordinate system are assigned dimensions. In this way, it is possible to clearly describe every point in the coordinate system and therefore every workpiece position through the direction (X, Y and Z) and three numerical values The workpiece zero always has the coordinates X0, Y0, and Z0.
Page 15 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions Example: Workpiece positions for turning With lathes, one plane is sufficient to describe the contour: Points P1 to P4 have the following coordinates: Position Coordinates X25 Z-7.5 X40 Z-15 X40 Z-25 X60 Z-35 Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 16 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions Example: Workpiece positions for milling For milling, the feed depth must also be described, i.e. the third coordinate (in this case Z) must also be assigned a numerical value. Points P1 to P3 have the following coordinates: Position Coordinates X10 Y45 Z-5...
Page 17: Polar Coordinates
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions 1.1.3 Polar coordinates Polar coordinates can be used instead of Cartesian coordinates to describe workpiece positions. This is useful when a workpiece or part of a workpiece has been dimensioned with radius and angle. The point from which the dimensioning starts is called the "pole". Position specifications in the form of polar coordinates Polar coordinates are made up of the polar radius and the polar angle.
Page 18: Absolute Dimensions
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions 1.1.4 Absolute dimensions Position specifications in absolute dimensions With absolute dimensions, all the position specifications refer to the currently valid zero point. Applied to tool movement this means: the position, to which the tool is to travel. Example: Turning In absolute dimensions, the following position specifications result for points P1 to P4: Position...
Page 19 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions Example: Milling In absolute dimensions, the following position specifications result for points P1 to P3: Position Position specification in absolute dimensions X20 Y35 X50 Y60 X70 Y20 Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 20: Incremental Dimension
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions 1.1.5 Incremental dimension Position specifications in incremental dimensions In production drawings, the dimensions often do not refer to a zero point, but to another workpiece point. So that these dimensions do not have to be converted, they can be specified in incremental dimensions.
Page 21 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.1 Workpiece positions Example: Milling The position specifications for points P1 to P3 in incremental dimensions are: In incremental dimensions, the following position specifications result for points P1 to P3: Position Position specification in incremental dimensions The specification refers to: X20 Y35 Zero point X30 Y20...
Page 22: Working Planes
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.2 Working planes Working planes An NC program must contain information about the plane in which the work is to be performed. Only then can the control unit calculate the correct tool offsets during the execution of the NC program. The specification of the working plane is also relevant for certain types of circular-path programming and polar coordinates.
Page 23: Zero Points And Reference Points
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.3 Zero points and reference points Zero points and reference points Various zero points and reference points are defined on an NC machine: Zero points Machine zero The machine zero defines the machine coordinate system (MCS). All other reference points refer to the machine zero.
Page 24 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.3 Zero points and reference points Zero points and reference points for turning Zero points for milling Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 25: Coordinate Systems
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems Coordinate systems A distinction is made between the following coordinate systems: • Machine coordinate system (MCS) [Page 25] with the machine zero M • Basic coordinate system (BCS) [Page 28] • Basic zero system (BZS) [Page 30] •...
Page 26 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems Three-finger rule The orientation of the coordinate system relative to the machine depends on the machine type. The axis directions follow the so-called "three-finger rule" of the right hand (according to DIN 66217). Seen from in front of the machine, the middle finger of the right hand points in the opposite direction to the infeed of the main spindle.
Page 27 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems Position of the coordinate system in different machine types The position of the coordinate system resulting from the "three-finger rule" can have a different orientation for different machine types. Here are a few examples: Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 28: Basic Coordinate System (Bcs)
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems 1.4.2 Basic coordinate system (BCS) The basic coordinate system (BCS) consists of three mutually perpendicular axes (geometry axes) as well as other special axes, which are not interrelated geometrically. Machine tools without kinematic transformation BCS and MCS always coincide when the BCS can be mapped onto the MCS without kinematic transformation (e.g.
Page 29 Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems Figure 1-7 Kinematic transformation between the MCS and BCS Machine kinematics The workpiece is always programmed in a two or three dimensional, right-angled coordinate system (WCS). However, such workpieces are being programmed ever more frequently on machine tools with rotary axes or linear axes not perpendicular to one another.
Page 30: Basic Zero System (Bzs)
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems 1.4.3 Basic zero system (BZS) The basic zero system (BZS) is the basic coordinate system with a basic offset. Basic offset The basic offset describes the coordinate transformation between BCS and BZS. It can be used, for example, to define the palette window zero.
Page 31: Settable Zero System (Szs)
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems 1.4.4 Settable zero system (SZS) Settable zero offset The "settable zero system" (SZS) results from the basic zero system (BZS) through the settable zero offset. Settable zero offsets are activated in the NC program with the G commands G54...G57 and G505...G599 as follows: If no programmable coordinate transformations (frames) are active, then the "settable zero system"...
Page 32: Workpiece Coordinate System (Wcs)
Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1.4 Coordinate systems 1.4.5 Workpiece coordinate system (WCS) The geometry of a workpiece is described in the workpiece coordinate system (WCS). In other words, the data in the NC program refer to the workpiece coordinate system. The workpiece coordinate system is always a Cartesian coordinate system and assigned to a specific workpiece.
Page 33: Fundamental Principles Of Nc Programming
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming Note DIN 66025 is the guideline for NC programming. Name of an NC program Rules for program names Each NC program has a different name; the name can be chosen freely during program creation, taking the following conditions into account: •...
Page 34: Fundamental Principles Of Nc Programming
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.1 Name of an NC program Files in punch tape format Externally created program files that are read into the NC via the V.24 interface must be present in punch tape format. The following additional rules apply for the name of a file in punch tape format: •...
Page 35: Structure And Contents Of An Nc Program
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Structure and contents of an NC program 2.2.1 Blocks and block components Blocks An NC program consists of a sequence of NC blocks. Each block contains the data for the execution of a step in the workpiece machining.
Page 36 Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Elements of the NC high-level language As the command set according to DIN 66025 is no longer adequate for the programming of complex machining sequences in modern machine tools, it has been extended by the elements of the NC high-level language.
Page 37: Block Rules
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Effectiveness of commands Commands are either modal or non-modal: • Modal Modal commands retain their validity with the programmed value (in all following blocks) until: A new value is programmed under the same command A command is programmed that revokes the effect of the previously valid command •...
Page 38: Value Assignments
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Block length A block can contain a maximum of 512 characters (including the comment and end-of-block character LF). Note Three blocks of up to 66 characters each are normally displayed in the current block display on the screen.
Page 39: Comments
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Examples: Value assignment (10) to address X, "=" not required Value assignment (10) to address (X) with numeric X1=10 extension (1), "=" required Value assignment by means of a numeric expression, "=" X=10*(5+SIN(37.5)) required Note...
Page 40: Skipping Blocks
Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program 2.2.5 Skipping blocks NC blocks, which are not to be executed in every program pass (e.g. execute a trial program run), can be skipped. Programming Blocks, which are to be skipped are marked with an oblique "/" in front of the block number. Several consecutive blocks can also be skipped.
Page 41 Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Skip levels Blocks can be assigned to skip levels (max. 10), which can be activated via the user interface. Programming is performed by assigning a forward slash, followed by the number of the skip level.
Page 42 Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2.2 Structure and contents of an NC program Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 43: Creating An Nc Program
Creating an NC program Basic procedure The programming of the individual operation steps in the NC language generally represents only a small proportion of the work in the development of an NC program. Programming of the actual instructions should be preceded by the planning and preparation of the operation steps.
Page 44: Creating An Nc Program
Creating an NC program 3.1 Basic procedure 3. Create a machining plan Define all machining operations step-by-step, e.g. Rapid traverse movements for positioning Tool change Define the machining plane Retraction for checking Switch spindle, coolant on/off Call up tool data Feed Path correction Approaching the contour...
Page 45: Available Characters
Creating an NC program 3.2 Available characters Available characters The following characters are available for writing NC programs: • Upper-case characters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N,(O),P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z •...
Page 46 Creating an NC program 3.2 Available characters NOTICE Take care to differentiate between the letter "O" and the digit "0". Note No distinction is made between upper and lower-case characters (exception: tool call). Note Non-printable special characters are treated like blanks. Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 47: Tool Offsets
Creating an NC program 3.3 Program header Program header The NC blocks that are placed in front of the actual motion blocks for the machining of the workpiece contour, are called the program header. The program header contains information/statements regarding: •...
Page 48 Creating an NC program 3.3 Program header If tool orientation / coordinate transformation is being used, any transformations still active should be deleted at the start of the program: Program code Comment N10 CYCLE800() ; Resetting of the swiveled plane N20 TRAFOOF ;...
Page 49: Program Examples
Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples Program examples 3.4.1 Example 1: First programming steps Program example 1 is to be used to perform and test the first programming steps on the NC. Procedure 1. Create a new part program (name) 2.
Page 50: Example 2: Nc Program For Turning
Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples 3.4.2 Example 2: NC program for turning Program example 2 is intended for the machining of a workpiece on a lathe. It contains radius programming and tool radius compensation. Note In order that the program can run on the machine, the machine data must have been set appropriately ( →...
Page 51 Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples Program example 2 Program code Comment N5 G0 G53 X280 Z380 D0 ; Starting point N10 TRANS X0 Z250 ; Zero offset N15 LIMS=4000 ; Speed limitation (G96) N20 G96 S250 M3 ; Select constant cutting rate N25 G90 T1 D1 M8 ;...
Page 52: Example 3: Nc Program For Milling
Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples 3.4.3 Example 3: NC program for milling Program example 3 is intended for the machining of a workpiece on a vertical milling machine. It contains surface and side milling as well as drilling. Note In order that the program can run on the machine, the machine data must have been set appropriately ( →...
Page 53 Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples Program example 3 Program code Comment N10 T="PF60" ; Preselection of the tool with name PF60. N20 M6 ; Load the tool into the spindle. N30 S2000 M3 M8 ; Speed, direction of rotation, cooling on.
Page 54 Creating an NC program 3.4 Program examples Program code Comment N280 POSITION: ; Jump mark for repetition. N290 HOLES2(0,0,25,0,45,6) ; Position pattern for drilling. N300 ENDLABEL: ; End identifier for repetition. N310 MCALL ; Resetting of the modal call. N320 G0 Z200 M5 M9 N330 T="SPB5"...
Page 55: Tool Change
Tool change Tool change method In chain, rotary-plate and box magazines, a tool change normally takes place in two stages: 1. The tool is sought in the magazine with the T command. 2. The tool is then loaded into the spindle with the M command. In circular magazines on turning machines, the T command carries out the entire tool change, that is, locates and inserts the tool.
Page 56: Tool Change Without Tool Management
Tool change 4.1 Tool change without tool management Tool change without tool management 4.1.1 Tool change with T command Function There is a direct tool change when the T command is programmed. Application For turning machines with circular magazine. Syntax Tool selection: T<number>...
Page 57: Tool Change With M6
Tool change 4.1 Tool change without tool management 4.1.2 Tool change with M6 Function The tool is selected when the T command is programmed. The tool only becomes active with M6 (including tool offset). Application For milling machines with chain, rotary-plate or box magazines. Syntax Tool selection: T<number>...
Page 58 Tool change 4.1 Tool change without tool management Example Program code Comment N10 T1 M6 ; Loading of tool T1. N20 D1 ; Selection of tool length compensation. N30 G1 X10 ... ; Machining with T1. N70 T5 ; Preselection of tool T5. N80 ...
Page 59: Tool Change With Tool Management (Option)
Tool change 4.2 Tool change with tool management (option) Tool change with tool management (option) Tool management The optional "Tool management" function ensures that at any given time the correct tool is in the correct location and that the data assigned to the tool are up to date. It also allows fast tool changes and avoids both scrap by monitoring the tool service life and machine downtimes by using spare tools.
Page 60 Tool change 4.2 Tool change with tool management (option) Significance Command for tool change and activation of the tool offset The following specifications are possible: <location>: Number of the magazine location Name of tool <name>: Note: The correct notation (upper/lower case) must be observed when programming a tool name.
Page 61 Tool change 4.2 Tool change with tool management (option) The following tool call is programmed in the NC program: N10 T=1 The call is processed as follows: 1. Magazine location 1 is considered and the tool identifier determined. 2. The tool management recognizes that this tool is blocked and therefore cannot be used. 3.
Page 62: Tool Change With M6 With Active Tool Management (Option)
Tool change 4.2 Tool change with tool management (option) 4.2.2 Tool change with M6 with active tool management (option) Function The tool is selected when the T command is programmed. The tool only becomes active with M6 (including tool offset). Application For milling machines with chain, rotary-plate or box magazines.
Page 63 Tool change 4.2 Tool change with tool management (option) Example Program code Comment N10 T=1 M6 ; Loading of the tool from magazine location 1. N20 D1 ; Selection of tool length compensation. N30 G1 X10 ... ; Machining with tool T=1. N70 T="Drill"...
Page 64: Behavior With Faulty T Programming
Tool change 4.3 Behavior with faulty T programming Behavior with faulty T programming The behavior with faulty T programming depends on the configuration of the machine: MD22562 TOOL_CHANGE_ERROR_MODE Value Meaning Basic setting! With the T programming, a check is made immediately as to whether the NCK recognizes the T number.
Page 65: Tool Offsets
Tool offsets General information about the tool offsets Workpiece dimensions are programmed directly (e.g. according to the production drawing). Therefore, tool data such as milling tool diameter, cutting edge position of the turning tool (counterclockwise/clockwise turning tool) and tool length does not have to be taken into consideration when creating the program.
Page 66: Tool Length Compensation
Tool offsets 5.2 Tool length compensation Tool length compensation The tool length compensation compensates for the differences in length between the tools used. The tool length is the distance between the toolholder reference point and the tool tip: This length is measured and entered in the tool compensation memory of the control together with definable wear values.
Page 67: Tool Radius Compensation
Tool offsets 5.3 Tool radius compensation Tool radius compensation The contour and tool path are not identical. The milling tool or cutting edge center must travel along a path that is equidistant from the contour. To do this, the control requires data about the tool form (radius) from the tool compensation memory.
Page 68: Tool Compensation Memory
Tool offsets 5.4 Tool compensation memory Tool compensation memory The following data must be available in the tool compensation memory of the control for each tool edge: • Tool type • Cutting edge position • Tool geometry variables (length, radius) This data is entered as tool parameters (max.
Page 69 Tool offsets 5.4 Tool compensation memory Tool geometry variables (length, radius) The tool geometry variables consist of several components (geometry, wear). The control computes the components to a certain dimension (e.g. overall length 1, total radius). The respective overall dimension becomes effective when the compensation memory is activated. How these values are calculated in the axes is determined by the tool type and the current plane (G17/G18/G19).
Page 70: Tool Types
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types Tool types 5.5.1 General information about the tool types Tools are divided into tool types. Each tool type is assigned a 3-digit number. The first digit assigns the tool type to one of the following groups depending on the technology used: Tool type Tool group Milling tools ...
Page 71: Milling Tools
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.2 Milling tools The following tool types are available in the "Milling tools" group: Milling tool according to CLDATA (Cutter Location Data) Ballhead cutter (cylindrical die milling tool) Ballhead cutter (tapered die milling tool) End mill (without corner rounding) End mill (with corner rounding) Angle head cutter (without corner rounding) Angle head cutter (with corner rounding)
Page 72 Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types Note Brief description of the tool parameters can be found on the user interface. For further information, see: References: Function Manual, Basic Functions; Tool Offset (W1) Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 73: Drills
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.3 Drills The following tool types are available in the "Drills" group: Twist drill Drill Boring bar Center drill Countersink Counterbore Tap regular thread Tap fine thread Tap Whitworth thread Reamer Tool parameters The following figure provides an overview of which tool parameters (DP...) for drills are entered in the compensation memory: Note Brief description of the tool parameters can be found on the user interface.
Page 74: Grinding Tools
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.4 Grinding tools The following tool types are available in the "Grinding tools" group: Surface grinding wheel Surface grinding wheel with monitoring Surface grinding wheel without monitoring without base dimension (TOOLMAN) Surface grinding wheel with monitoring without base dimension for grinding wheel peripheral speed GWPS Facing wheel Facing wheel (TOOLMAN) with monitoring...
Page 75: Turning Tools
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.5 Turning tools The following tool types are available in the "Turning tools" group: Roughing tool Finishing tool Plunge cutter Parting tool Threading tool Button tool / forming tool (TOOLMAN) Rotary drill (ECOCUT) Probe with cutting edge position parameters Tool parameters The following figures provide an overview of which tool parameters (DP...) for turning tools are entered in the compensation memory:...
Page 76 Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types Note Brief description of the tool parameters can be found on the user interface. For further information, see: References: Function Manual, Basic Functions; Tool Offset (W1) Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 77: Special Tools
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.6 Special tools The following tool types are available in the "Special tools" group: Slotting saw 3D probe Edge probe Stop Tool parameters The following figure provides an overview of which tool parameters (DP...) for "Slotting saw" tool type are entered in the compensation memory: Note Brief description of the tool parameters can be found on the user interface.
Page 78: Chaining Rule
Tool offsets 5.5 Tool types 5.5.7 Chaining rule The geometry tool length compensations, wear and base dimension can be chained for both the left and the right tool nose radius compensation, i.e. if the tool length compensations are changed for the left cutting edge, then the values are also automatically entered for the right cutting edge and vice versa.
Page 79: Tool Offset Call (D)
Tool offsets 5.6 Tool offset call (D) Tool offset call (D) Function Cutting edges 1 to 8 (with active TOOLMAN 12) of a tool can be assigned different tool offset data records (e.g. different offset values for the left and right cutting edge of a grooving tool). Activation of the offset data (including the data for the tool length compensation) of a special cutting edge is performed by calling the D number.
Page 80 Tool offsets 5.6 Tool offset call (D) Command for the activation of the tool radius compensation with machining G41: direction left of the contour Command for the activation of the tool radius compensation with machining G42: direction right of the contour Command for the deactivation of the tool radius compensation G40: Note...
Page 81 Tool offsets 5.6 Tool offset call (D) Examples Example 1: Tool change with T command (turning) Program code Comment N10 T1 D1 ; Load tool T1 and activate tool offset data record D1 of T1. N11 G0 X... Z... ; The tool length compensations are applied. N50 T4 D2 ;...
Page 82: Change In The Tool Offset Data
Tool offsets 5.7 Change in the tool offset data Change in the tool offset data Effectiveness A change in the tool offset data takes effect the next time the T or D number is programmed. Set tool offset data to be active immediately The following machine data can be used to specify that entered tool offset data takes effect immediately: MD9440 $MM_ACTIVATE_SEL_USER...
Page 83: Programmable Tool Offset (Toffl, Toff, Toffr)
Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Function The user can use the commands TOFFL/TOFF and TOFFR to modify the effective tool length or the effective tool radius in the NC program, without changing the tool offset data stored in the compensation memory.
Page 84 Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Significance Command for the compensation of the effective tool length TOFFL: TOFFL can be programmed with or without index: • Without index: TOFFL= The programmed offset value is applied in the same direction as the tool length component L1 stored in the compensation memory.
Page 85 Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Further syntax rules • The tool length can be changed simultaneously in all three components. However, commands of the TOFFL/TOFFL[1..3] group and commands of the TOFF[<geometry axis>] may not be used simultaneously in one block. TOFFL and TOFFL[1] may also not be written simultaneously in one block.
Page 86 Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Example 2: Negative tool length offset The active tool is a drill with length L1 = 100 mm. The active plane is G18, i.e. the drill points in the Y direction. The effective drill length is to be decreased by 1 mm. The following variants are available for the programming of this tool length offset: TOFFL=-1 TOFFL[1]=-1...
Page 87 Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Further information Applications The "Programmable tool offset" function is especially interesting for ball mills and milling tools with corner radii as these are often calculated in the CAM system to the ball center instead of the ball tip.
Page 88 Tool offsets 5.8 Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 89: Spindle Motion
Spindle motion Spindle speed (S), direction of spindle rotation (M3, M4, M5) Function The spindle speed and direction of rotation values set the spindle in rotary motion and provide the conditions for chip removal. Figure 6-1 Spindle motion during turning Other spindles may be available in addition to the main spindle (e.g.
Page 90 Spindle motion 6.1 Spindle speed (S), direction of spindle rotation (M3, M4, M5) Significance S… : Spindle speed in rpm for the master spindle S<n>=... : Spindle speed in rpm for spindle <n> Note: The speed specified with S0=… applies to the master spindle. Direction of spindle rotation clockwise for master spindle Spindle direction of rotation CW for spindle <n>...
Page 91 Spindle motion 6.1 Spindle speed (S), direction of spindle rotation (M3, M4, M5) Program code Comment N10 S300 M3 ; Speed and direction of rotation for drive spindle = preset master spindle ; Machining of the right-hand workpiece side N100 SETMS(2) ;...
Page 92 Spindle motion 6.1 Spindle speed (S), direction of spindle rotation (M3, M4, M5) Working with multiple spindles 5 spindles (master spindle plus 4 additional spindles) can be available in one channel at the same time. One of the spindles is defined in machine data as the master spindle. Special functions such as thread cutting, tapping, revolutional feedrate, and dwell time apply to this spindle.
Page 93: Cutting Rate (Svc)
Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Cutting rate (SVC) Function As an alternative to the spindle speed, the tool cutting rate, which is more commonly used in practice, can be programmed for milling operations. The control uses the radius of the active tool to calculate the effective spindle speed from the programmed tool cutting rate: S = (SVC * 1000) / (R * 2π)
Page 94 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Syntax SVC[<n>]=<value> Note In the block with SVC, the tool radius must be known; in other words, a corresponding tool including a tool offset data record must be active or selected in the block. There is no fixed sequence for SVC and T/D selection during programming in the same block.
Page 95 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Examples The following shall apply to all examples: Toolholder = spindle (for standard milling) Example 1: Milling cutter 6 mm radius Program code Comment N10 G0 X10 T1 D1 ; Selection of milling cutter with e.g. $TC_DP6[1,1] = 6 (tool radius = 6 mm) N20 SVC=100 M3 ;...
Page 96 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Example 4: Assumptions: Master or tool change is determined by the toolholder. MD20124 $MC_TOOL_MANAGEMENT_TOOLHOLDER > 1 In the event of a tool change the old tool offset is retained. A tool offset for the new tool is only activated when D is programmed: MD20270 $MC_CUTTING_EDGE_DEFAULT = - 2 Program code...
Page 97 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Example 5: Assumptions: Spindles are toolholders at the same time: MD20124 $MC_TOOL_MANAGEMENT_TOOLHOLDER = 0 In the event of a tool change tool offset data record D4 is selected automatically. MD20270 $MC_CUTTING_EDGE_DEFAULT = 4 Program code Comment N10 $TC_MPP1[9998,1]=2 ;...
Page 98 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Further information Tool radius The following tool offset data (associated with the active tool) affect the tool radius when: • $TC_DP6 (radius - geometry) • $TC_DP15 (radius - wear) • $TC_SCPx6 (offset for $TC_DP6) •...
Page 99 Spindle motion 6.2 Cutting rate (SVC) Reading the cutting rate and the spindle speed programming variant The cutting rate of a spindle and the speed programming variant (spindle speed S or cutting rate SVC) can be read using system variables: •...
Page 100: Constant Cutting Rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, Lims, Scc)
Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Function When the "Constant cutting rate" function is active, the spindle speed is modified as a function of the respective workpiece diameter so that the cutting rate S in m/min or ft/min remains constant at the tool edge.
Page 101 Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Significance Constant cutting rate with feedrate type G95: ON G96: G95 is activated automatically with G96. If G95 has not been activated previously, a new feedrate value F... will have to be specified when G96 is called.
Page 102 Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Examples Example 1: Activating the constant cutting rate with speed limitation Program code Comment N10 SETMS (3) N20 G96 S100 LIMS=2500 ; Constant cutting rate = 100 m/min, max. speed 2,500 rpm N60 G96 G90 X0 Z10 F8 S100 LIMS=444 ;...
Page 103 Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Further information Calculation of the spindle speed The ENS position of the face axis (radius) is the basis for calculating the spindle speed from the programmed cutting rate. Note Frames between WCS and SZS (e.g.
Page 104 Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Deactivating the constant cutting rate (G97/G971/G973) After G97/G971, the control interprets an S value as a spindle speed in rpm again. If you do not specify a new spindle speed, the last speed set with G96/G961 is retained. The G96/G961 function can also be deactivated with G94 or G95.
Page 105 Spindle motion 6.3 Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) Examples for geometry axis exchange with assignments of the reference axis: Program code Comment N05 G95 F0.1 N10 GEOAX(1, X1) ; Channel axis X1 becomes first geometry axis. N20 SCC[X] ;...
Page 106: Constant Grinding Wheel Peripheral Speed (Gwpson, Gwpsof)
Spindle motion 6.4 Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed (GWPSON, GWPSOF) Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed (GWPSON, GWPSOF) Function The "Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed (GWPS)" function is used to set the grinding wheel speed so that, taking account of the current radius, the grinding wheel peripheral speed remains constant.
Page 107 Spindle motion 6.4 Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed (GWPSON, GWPSOF) Program code Comment N60 GWPSOF ; Deactivate GWPS for active tool. N65 GWPSOF(5) ; Deactivate GWPS for tool 5 (spindle 2). Further information Tool-specific parameters In order to activate the function "Constant peripheral speed", the tool-specific grinding data $TC_TPG1, $TC_TPG8 and $TC_TPG9 must be set accordingly.
Page 108: Programmable Spindle Speed Limitation (G25, G26)
Spindle motion 6.5 Programmable spindle speed limitation (G25, G26) Programmable spindle speed limitation (G25, G26) Function The minimum and maximum spindle speeds defined in the machine and setting data can be modified by means of a part program command. Programmed spindle speed limitations are possible for all spindles of the channel. CAUTION A spindle speed limitation programmed with G25 or G26 overwrites the speed limits in the setting data and, therefore, remains stored even after the end of the program.
Page 109: Feed Control
Feed control Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Function These commands are used in the NC program to set the feedrates for all axes involved in the machining sequence. Syntax G93/G94/G95 F... FGROUP(<axis1>,<axis2>, etc.) FGREF[<rotary axis>]=<reference radius> FL[<axis>]=<value> Significance Inverse-time feedrate (in rpm) G93:...
Page 110 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Examples Example 1: Mode of operation of FGROUP The following example is intended to demonstrate the effect of FGROUP on the path and path feedrate. The variable $AC_TIME contains the time of the block start in seconds. It can only be used in synchronized actions.
Page 111 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Example 3: Helical interpolation Path axes X and Y traverse with the programmed feedrate, the infeed axis Z is a synchronized axis. Program code Comment N10 G17 G94 G1 Z0 F500 ;...
Page 112 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Further information Feedrate for path axes (F) The path feedrate is generally composed of the individual speed components of all geometry axes participating in the movement and refers to the center point of the cutter or the tip of the turning tool.
Page 113 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Inverse-time feedrate (G93) The inverse-time feedrate specifies the time required to execute the motion commands in a block. Unit: rpm Example: N10 G93 G01 X100 F2 Significance: the programmed path is traversed in 0.5 min. Note If the path lengths vary greatly from block to block, a new F value should be specified in each block with G93.
Page 114 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Traverse path axis as synchronized axis (FGROUP) FGROUP is used to define whether a path axis should be traversed with path feedrate or as a synchronized axis. In helical interpolation, for example, it is possible to define that only two geometry axes, X and Y, are to be traversed at the programmed feedrate.
Page 115 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Unit for rotary and linear axes For linear and rotary axes which are combined with FGROUP and traverse a path together, the feedrate is interpreted in the unit of the linear axes (depending on the default with G94/G95, in mm/min or inch/min and mm/rev or inch/rev).
Page 116 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Special situations: Program code N100 FGROUP(X,Y,Z,A) N110 G1 G91 A10 F100 N120 G1 G91 A10 X0.0001 F100 With this type of programming, the F value programmed in N110 is evaluated as the rotary axis feedrate in degrees/min, while the feedrate evaluation in N120 is either 100 inch/min or 100 mm/min, dependent upon the currently active G70/G71/G700/G710 setting.
Page 117 Feed control 7.1 Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) Read path axes affecting velocity The axes involved in path interpolation can be read using system variables: • In synchronized actions or with preprocessing stop in the part program via system variables: $AA_FGROUP[<axis>] Returns the value "1"...
Page 118: Traversing Positioning Axes (Pos, Posa, Posp, Fa, Waitp, Waitmc)
Feed control 7.2 Traversing positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) Traversing positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) Function Positioning axes are traversed independently of the path axes at a separate, axis-specific feedrate. There are no interpolation commands. The POS/POSA/POSP commands are used to traverse the positioning axes and coordinate the motion sequences at the same time.
Page 119 Feed control 7.2 Traversing positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) Move positioning axis to specified end position in sections POSP: Axis end position to be approached <end position>: Length of a section <partial length> Approach mode <mode>: = 0: For the last two sections, the path remaining until the end position is split into two residual sections of equal size (preset).
Page 120 Feed control 7.2 Traversing positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) CAUTION Travel with POSA If a command, which implicitly causes a preprocessing stop, is read in a following block, this block is not executed until all other blocks, which are already preprocessed and stored have been executed.
Page 121 Feed control 7.2 Traversing positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) Further information Travel with POSA Block step enable or program execution is not affected by POSA. The movement to the end position can be performed during execution of subsequent NC blocks. Travel with POS The next block is not executed until all axes programmed under POS reach their end positions.
Page 122: Position-Controlled Spindle Operation (Spcon, Spcof)
Feed control 7.3 Position-controlled spindle operation (SPCON, SPCOF) Position-controlled spindle operation (SPCON, SPCOF) Function Position-controlled spindle mode may be advisable in some cases, e.g. in conjunction with large-pitch thread cutting with G33, where better quality can be achieved. The SPCON NC command is used to switch over to position-controlled spindle mode. Note SPCON requires a maximum of 3 interpolation cycles.
Page 123: Positioning Spindles (Spos, Sposa, M19, M70, Waits)
Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Function SPOS, SPOSA or M19 can be used to set spindles to specific angular positions, e.g. during tool change. SPOS, SPOSA and M19 induce a temporary switchover to position-controlled mode until the next M3/M4/M5/M41 to M45.
Page 124 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Conditions The spindle to be positioned must be capable of operation in position-controlled mode. Syntax Position spindle: SPOS=<value>/SPOS[<n>]=<value> SPOSA=<value>/SPOSA[<n>]=<value> M19/M<n>=19 Switch spindle over to axis mode: M70/M<n>=70 Define end-of-motion criterion: FINEA/FINEA[S<n>] COARSEA/COARSEA[S<n>] IPOENDA/IPOENDA[S<n>]...
Page 125 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Significance Set spindle to specified angle SPOS/SPOSA: SPOS and SPOSA have the same functionality but differ in their block change behavior: • SPOS delays the enabling of the NC block until the position has been reached.
Page 126 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Set the master spindle (M19 or M0=19) or spindle number <n> M<n>=19: (M<n>=19) to the angular position preset with SD43240 $SA_M19_SPOS with the position approach mode preset in SD43250 $SA_M19_SPOSMODE. The NC block is not enabled until the position has been reached. Switch the master spindle (M70 or M0=70) or spindle number <n>...
Page 127 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Synchronization command for the specified spindle(s) WAITS: The subsequent blocks are not processed until the specified spindle(s) programmed in a previous NC block with SPOSA has (have) reached its (their) end position(s) (with exact stop fine). WAITS after M5: Wait for the specified spindle(s) to come to a standstill.
Page 128 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Examples Example 1: Position spindle with negative direction of rotation Spindle 2 is to be positioned at 250° with negative direction of rotation: Program code Comment N10 SPOSA[2]=ACN(250) ; The spindle is decelerated if necessary and accelerated in the opposite direction to that of the positioning movement.
Page 129 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Program variant 1: Program code Comment N10 M3 S500 N90 SPOS[2]=0 ; Position control on, spindle 2 positioned to 0, axis mode can be used in the next block. N100 X50 C180 ;...
Page 130 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Program code Comment ..N110 S2=1000 M2=3 ; Switch on cross drilling attachment. N120 SPOSA=DC(0) ; Set main spindle to 0° immediately, the program will advance to the next block straight away.
Page 131 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Positioning with SPOS/M19 The block step enabling condition is met when all functions programmed in the block reach their end-of-block criterion (e.g. all auxiliary functions acknowledged by the PLC, all axes at their end point) and the spindle reaches the programmed position.
Page 132 Feed control 7.4 Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) Position spindle from rotation (M3/M4) When M3 or M4 is active, the spindle comes to a standstill at the programmed value. There is no difference between DC and AC dimensioning. In both cases, rotation continues in the direction selected by M3/M4 until the absolute end position is reached.
Page 133: Feedrate For Positioning Axes/Spindles (Fa, Fpr, Fpraon, Fpraof)
Feed control 7.5 Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) Function Positioning axes such as workpiece transport systems, tool turrets and end supports are traversed independently of path and synchronized axes. A separate feedrate is therefore defined for each positioning axis.
Page 134 Feed control 7.5 Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) Significance FA[...]=... : Feedrate for the specified positioning axis or positioning speed (axial feedrate) for the specified spindle Unit: mm/min or inch/min or deg/min Range of values: … 999 999.999 mm/min, deg/min …...
Page 135 Feed control 7.5 Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) Examples Example 1: Synchronous spindle coupling With synchronous spindle coupling, the positioning speed of the following spindle can be programmed independently of the master spindle, e.g. for positioning operations. Program code Comment FA[S2]=100...
Page 136 Feed control 7.5 Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) Further information FA[…] The feedrate type is always G94. When G70/G71 is active, the unit is metric/inches according to the default setting in the machine data. G700/G710 can be used to modify the unit in the program.
Page 137: Programmable Feedrate Override (Ovr, Ovrrap, Ovra)
Feed control 7.6 Programmable feedrate override (OVR, OVRRAP, OVRA) Programmable feedrate override (OVR, OVRRAP, OVRA) Function The velocity of path/positioning axes and spindles can be modified in the NC program. Syntax OVR=<value> OVRRAP=<value> OVRA[<axis>]=<value> OVRA[SPI(<n>)]=<value> OVRA[S<n>]=<value> Significance Feedrate modification for path feedrate F OVR: Feedrate modification for rapid traverse velocity OVRRAP:...
Page 138 Feed control 7.6 Programmable feedrate override (OVR, OVRRAP, OVRA) Examples Example 1: Set feedrate override: 80% Program code Comment N10 ... F1000 N20 OVR=50 ; The programmed path feedrate F1000 is changed in F400 (1000 * 0.8 * 0.5). Example 2: Program code Comment N10 OVRRAP=5...
Page 139: Programmable Acceleration Override (Acc) (Option)
Feed control 7.7 Programmable acceleration override (ACC) (option) Programmable acceleration override (ACC) (option) Function In critical program sections, it may be necessary to limit the acceleration to below the maximum values, e.g. to prevent mechanical vibrations from occurring. The programmable acceleration override can be used to modify the acceleration for each path axis or spindle via a command in the NC program.
Page 140 Feed control 7.7 Programmable acceleration override (ACC) (option) Example Program code Comment N50 ACC[X]=80 ; The axis slide in the X direction should only be traversed with 80% acceleration. N60 ACC[SPI(1)]=50 ; Spindle 1 should only accelerate or brake with 50% of the acceleration capacity.
Page 141: Feedrate With Handwheel Override (Fd, Fda)
Feed control 7.8 Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) Function The FD and FDA commands can be used to traverse axes with handwheels during execution of the part program. The programmed settings for traversing the axes are then overlaid with the handwheel pulses evaluated as path or velocity defaults.
Page 142 Feed control 7.8 Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) Significance Path feedrate and enabling of velocity override FD=<velocity>: with handwheel <velocity>: • Value = 0: Not allowed! • Value ≠ 0: Path velocity Axial feedrate FDA[<axis>]=<velocity>: <velocity>: • Value = 0: Path default with handwheel •...
Page 143 Feed control 7.8 Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) Feedrate override The feedrate override only affects the programmed path velocity and not the velocity component generated with the handwheel (exception: (except if feed override = 0). Example: Program code Description N10 X…...
Page 144 Feed control 7.8 Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) Traverse positioning axis with velocity override (FDA[<axis>]=<velocity>) In NC blocks with programmed FDA[…]=…, the feedrate from the last programmed FA value is accelerated or decelerated to the value programmed under FDA. Starting from the current feedrate FDA, the handwheel can be turned to accelerate the programmed movement to the target position or decelerate it to zero.
Page 145: Feedrate Optimization For Curved Path Sections (Cftcp, Cfc, Cfin)
Feed control 7.9 Feedrate optimization for curved path sections (CFTCP, CFC, CFIN) Feedrate optimization for curved path sections (CFTCP, CFC, CFIN) Function With activated offset mode G41/G42, the programmed feedrate for the milling cutter radius initially refers to the milling cutter center path (see the chapter titled "Coordinate transformations (frames)").
Page 146 Feed control 7.9 Feedrate optimization for curved path sections (CFTCP, CFC, CFIN) Significance Constant feedrate on the milling cutter center path CFTCP: The control keeps the feedrate constant and feedrate offsets are deactivated. Constant feedrate at the contour (tool cutting edge). CFC: This function is preset per default.
Page 147 Feed control 7.9 Feedrate optimization for curved path sections (CFTCP, CFC, CFIN) Further information Constant feedrate on contour with CFC The feedrate is reduced for inside radii and increased for outside radii. This ensures a constant speed at the tool edge and thus at the contour.
Page 148: Several Feedrate Values In One Block (F, St, Sr, Fma, Sta, Sra)
Feed control 7.10 Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA) 7.10 Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA) Function The "Multiple feedrates in one block" function can be used to activate different feedrate values for an NC block, a dwell time or a retraction motion-synchronously, dependent on external digital and/or analog inputs.
Page 149 Feed control 7.10 Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA) The axial feedrate is programmed under the FMA[2,<axis>]=... to FMA[7,<axis>]=... : address FA and remains valid during the absence of an input signal. In addition to the axial feedrate FA up to 6 further feedrates per axis can be programmed in the block with FMA.
Page 150 Feed control 7.10 Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA) Examples Example 1: Path motion Program code Comment F7=1000 ; 7 corresponds to input bit 7 F2=20 ; 2 corresponds to input bit 2 ST=1 ;...
Page 151: Non-Modal Feedrate (Fb)
Feed control 7.11 Non-modal feedrate (FB) 7.11 Non-modal feedrate (FB) Function The "Non-modal feedrate" function can be used to define a separate feedrate for a single block. After this block, the previous modal feedrate is active again. Syntax FB=<value> Significance Feedrate for current block only The programmed value must be greater than zero.
Page 152: Tooth Feedrate (G95 Fz)
Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Function Primarily for milling operations, the tooth feedrate, which is more commonly used in practice, can be programmed instead of the revolutional feedrate: The control uses the $TC_DPNT (number of teeth) tool parameter associated with the active tool offset data record to calculate the effective revolutional feedrate for each traversing block from the programmed tooth feedrate.
Page 153 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Syntax G95 FZ... Note In the block, G95 and FZ can be programmed together or in isolation. There is no fixed programmed sequence. Significance Type of feedrate: Revolutional feedrate in mm/rev or inch/rev (dependent upon G95: G700/G710) For G95 see "Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) [Page 109]"...
Page 154 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Examples Example 1: Milling cutter with 5 teeth ($TC_DPNE = 5) Program code Comment N10 G0 X100 Y50 N20 G1 G95 FZ=0.02 ; Tooth feedrate 0.02 mm/tooth N30 T3 D1 ; Load tool and activate tool offset data record. M40 M3 S200 ;...
Page 155 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Example 4: Subsequent tool change Program code Comment N10 G0 X50 Y5 N20 G1 G95 FZ=0.03 ; Tooth feedrate 0.03 mm/tooth N30 M6 T11 D1 ; Load tool with e.g. 7 teeth ($TC_DPNT = 7). N30 M3 S100 N40 X30 ;...
Page 156 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Further information Changing between G93, G94 and G95 FZ can also be programmed when G95 is not active, although it will have no effect and is deleted when G95 is selected. In other words, when changing between G93, G94, and G95, in the same way as with F, the FZ value is also deleted.
Page 157 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Read tooth feedrate and path feedrate type The tooth feedrate and the path feedrate type can be read using system variables. • With preprocessing stop in the part program via system variables: $AC_FZ Tooth feedrate effective when the current main run record was preprocessed.
Page 158 Feed control 7.12 Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 159: Geometry Settings
Geometry settings Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Function The workpiece zero in relation to the zero point of the basic coordinate system is set up by the settable zero offset (G54 to G57 and G505 to G599) in all axes. In this way it is possible to call zero points program-wide per G command (e.g.
Page 160: Geometry Settings
Geometry settings 8.1 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Turning: Note During turning, for example, the offset value for returning of the chuck is entered in G54. Syntax Activating settable zero offset: G505 G599 Deactivating settable zero offset: G500...
Page 161 Geometry settings 8.1 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Significance G54 to G57: Call of the 1st to 4th settable zero offset (ZO) G505 to G599: Call of the 5th to 99th settable zero offset Deactivation of the current settable zero offset G500: G500=zero frame:...
Page 162 Geometry settings 8.1 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Example 3 workpieces that are arranged on a pallet in accordance with the zero offset values G54 to G56 are to be machined in succession. The machining sequence is programmed in subroutine L47.
Page 163 Geometry settings 8.1 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Further information Setting offset values On the operator panel or universal interface, enter the following values in the internal control zero offset table: • Coordinates for the offset •...
Page 164 Geometry settings 8.1 Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) Note With the four available zero offsets, it is possible (e.g. for multiple machining) to simultaneously describe four workpiece clampings and call them in the program. Further settable zero offsets: G505 to G599 The command numbers G505 to G599 are available for further settable zero offsets.
Page 165: Selection Of The Working Plane (G17/G18/G19)
Geometry settings 8.2 Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19) Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19) Function The specification of the working plane, in which the desired contour is to be machined also defines the following functions: • The plane for tool radius compensation •...
Page 166 Geometry settings 8.2 Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19) Note In the default setting, G17 (X/Y plane) is defined for milling and G18 (Z/X plane) is defined for turning. When calling the tool path correction G41/G42 (see Chapter "Tool radius compensation [Page 277]"), the working plane must be defined so that the controller can correct the tool length and radius.
Page 167 Geometry settings 8.2 Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19) The control requires the specification of the working plane for the calculation of the direction of rotation (see circular interpolation G2/G3). Machining on inclined planes Rotate the coordinate system with ROT (see Section "Coordinate system offset") to position the coordinate axes on the inclined surface.
Page 168: Dimensions
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Dimensions The basis of most NC programs is a workpiece drawing with specific dimensions. These dimensions can be: • In absolute dimensions or in incremental dimensions • In millimeters or inches • In radius or diameter (for turning) Specific programming commands are available for the various dimension options so that the data from a dimension drawing can be transferred directly (without conversion) to the NC program.
Page 169 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Examples Example 1: Milling Program code Comment N10 G90 G0 X45 Y60 Z2 T1 S2000 M3 ; Absolute dimension input, in rapid traverse to position XYZ, tool selection, spindle on with clockwise direction of rotation. N20 G1 Z-5 F500 ;...
Page 170 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Example 2: Turning Program code Comment N5 T1 D1 S2000 M3 ; Loading of tool T1, spindle on with clockwise direction of rotation. N10 G0 G90 X11 Z1 ; Absolute dimension input, in rapid traverse to position XZ. N20 G1 Z-15 F0.2 ;...
Page 171: Incremental Dimensions (G91, Ic)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.2 Incremental dimensions (G91, IC) Function With incremental dimensions, the position specification refers to the last point approached, i.e. the programming in incremental dimensions describes by how much the tool is to be traversed. Modal incremental dimensions Modal incremental dimensions are activated with the G91 command.
Page 172 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Value Meaning With incremental programming (incremental dimensions) of an axis, the zero offset or the tool length compensation is not traversed. With incremental programming (incremental dimensions) of an axis, the zero offset or the tool length compensation is traversed. Examples Example 1: Milling Program code...
Page 173 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Example 2: Turning Program code Comment N5 T1 D1 S2000 M3 ; Loading of tool T1, spindle on with clockwise direction of rotation. N10 G0 G90 X11 Z1 ; Absolute dimension input, in rapid traverse to position N20 G1 Z-15 F0.2 ;...
Page 174: Absolute And Incremental Dimensions For Turning And Milling (G90/G91)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.3 Absolute and incremental dimensions for turning and milling (G90/G91) The two following figures illustrate the programming with absolute dimensions (G90) or incremental dimensions (G91) using turning and milling technology examples. Milling: Turning: Note On conventional turning machines, it is usual to consider incremental traversing blocks in the transverse axis as radius values, while diameter specifications apply for the reference dimensions.
Page 175: Absolute Dimension For Rotary Axes (Dc, Acp, Acn)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.4 Absolute dimension for rotary axes (DC, ACP, ACN) Function The non-modal and G90/G91-independent commands DC, ACP and ACN are available for the positioning of rotary axes in absolute dimensions. DC, ACP and ACN differ in the basic approach strategy: Syntax <rotary axis>=DC(<value>) <rotary axis>=ACP(<value>)
Page 176 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Note The positive direction of rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise) is set in the machine data. Note The traversing range between 0° and 360° must be set in the machine data (modulo behavior) for positioning with direction specification (ACP, ACN). G91 or IC must be programmed to traverse modulo rotary axes more than 360°...
Page 177: Inch Or Metric Dimensions (G70/G700, G71/G710)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.5 Inch or metric dimensions (G70/G700, G71/G710) Function The following G functions can be used to switch between the metric measuring system and the inch measuring system. Syntax G70/G71 G700/G710 Significance Activation of the inch measuring system G70: The inch measuring system is used to read and write geometric data in units of length.
Page 178 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Example Changeover between inch system and metric system The parameterized basic system is metric: MD10240 $MN_SCALING_SYSTEM_IS_METRIC = TRUE Program code Comment N10 G0 G90 X20 Y30 Z2 S2000 M3 T1 ; X=20 mm, Y=30 mm, Z=2 mm, F=rapid traverse mm/min N20 G1 Z-5 F500 ;...
Page 179 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Further information G70/G71 With G70/G71 active, only the following geometric data is interpreted in the relevant measuring system: • Position data (X, Y, Z, …) • Circular-path programming: Interpolation point coordinates (I1, J1, K1) Interpolation parameters (I, J, K) Circle radius (CR) •...
Page 180: Channel-Specific Diameter/Radius Programming (Diamon, Diam90, Diamof, Diamcycof)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.6 Channel-specific diameter/radius programming (DIAMON, DIAM90, DIAMOF, DIAMCYCOF) Function ① During turning, the dimensions for the transverse axis can be specified in the diameter ( ② or in the radius ( So that the dimensions from a technical drawing can be transferred directly (without conversion) to the NC program, channel-specific diameter or radius programming is activated using the modal commands DIAMON, DIAM90, DIAMOF, and DIAMCYCOF.
Page 181 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Significance Command for the activation of the independent channel-specific diameter DIAMON: programming The effect of DIAMON is independent of the programmed dimensions mode (absolute dimensions G90 or incremental dimensions G91): • for G90: Dimensions in the diameter •...
Page 182 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Example Program code Comment N10 G0 X0 Z0 ; Approach starting point. N20 DIAMOF ; Diameter programming off. N30 G1 X30 S2000 M03 F0.7 ; X axis = transverse axis, radius programming active; traverse to radius position X30. N40 DIAMON ;...
Page 183: Axis-Specific Diameter/Radius Programming (Diamona, Diam90A, Diamofa, Diacycofa, Diamchana, Diamchan, Dac, Dic, Rac, Ric)
Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions 8.3.7 Axis-specific diameter/radius programming (DIAMONA, DIAM90A, DIAMOFA, DIACYCOFA, DIAMCHANA, DIAMCHAN, DAC, DIC, RAC, RIC) Function In addition to channel-specific diameter programming, the axis-specific diameter programming function enables the modal or non-modal dimensions and display in the diameter for one or more axes.
Page 184 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Meaning Modal axis-specific diameter programming Command for the activation of the independent axis-specific diameter DIAMONA: programming The effect of DIAMONA is independent of the programmed dimensions mode (G90/G91 or AC/IC): • for G90, AC: Dimensions in the diameter •...
Page 185 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Acceptance of the channel-specific diameter/radius programming With the DIAMCHANA[<axis>] command, the specified axis accepts the DIAMCHANA: channel status of the diameter/radius programming and is then assigned to the channel-specific diameter/radius programming. With the DIAMCHAN command, all axes permitted for the axis-specific DIAMCHAN: diameter programming accept the channel status of the diameter/radius programming and are then assigned to the channel-specific diameter/...
Page 186 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Examples Example 1: Modal axis-specific diameter/radius programming X is the transverse axis in the channel, axis-specific diameter programming is permitted for Y. Program code Comment N10 G0 X0 Z0 DIAMON ; Channel-specific diameter programming active for X. N15 DIAMOF ;...
Page 187 Geometry settings 8.3 Dimensions Further information Diameter values (DIAMONA/DIAM90A) The diameter values apply for the following data: • Actual value display of the transverse axis in the workpiece coordinate system • JOG mode: Increments for incremental dimensions and handwheel travel •...
Page 188: Position Of Workpiece For Turning
Geometry settings 8.4 Position of workpiece for turning Position of workpiece for turning Axis identifiers The two geometry axes perpendicular to one another are usually called: Longitudinal axis = Z axis (abscissa) Transverse axis = X axis (ordinate) Workpiece zero Whereas the machine zero is permanently defined, the workpiece zero can be freely selected on the longitudinal axis.
Page 189 Geometry settings 8.4 Position of workpiece for turning Transverse axis Generally the dimensions for the transverse axis are diameter specifications (double path dimension compared to other axes): The geometry axis that is to serve as transverse axis is defined in the machine data ( →...
Page 190 Geometry settings 8.4 Position of workpiece for turning Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 191: Motion Commands
Motion commands General information about the travel commands Contour elements The programmed workpiece contour can be made up of the following contour elements: • Straight lines • Circular arcs • Helical curves (through overlaying of straight lines and circular arcs) Travel commands The following travel commands are available for the creation of these contour elements: •...
Page 192: Motion Commands
Motion commands 9.1 General information about the travel commands Workpiece contour The motion blocks produce the workpiece contour when performed in succession: Figure 9-1 Motion blocks for turning Figure 9-2 Motion blocks for milling NOTICE Before machining, the workpiece must be positioned in such a way that the tool or workpiece cannot be damaged.
Page 193: Travel Commands With Cartesian Coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, X
Motion commands 9.2 Travel commands with Cartesian coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, X..., Y..., Z...) Travel commands with Cartesian coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, X..., Y..., Z...) Function The position specified in the NC block with Cartesian coordinates can be approached with rapid traverse motion G0, linear interpolation G1 or circular interpolation G2 /G3.
Page 194 Motion commands 9.2 Travel commands with Cartesian coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, X..., Y..., Z...) Example Program code Comment N10 G17 S400 M3 ; Selection of the working plane, spindle clockwise N20 G0 X40 Y-6 Z2 ; Approach of the starting position specified with Cartesian coordinates in rapid traverse N30 G1 Z-3 F40 ;...
Page 195: Travel Commands With Polar Coordinates
Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates Travel commands with polar coordinates 9.3.1 Reference point of the polar coordinates (G110, G111, G112) Function The point from which the dimensioning starts is called the pole. The pole can be specified in Cartesian or polar coordinates. The reference point for the pole coordinates is clearly defined with the G110 to G112 commands.
Page 196 Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates Note If no pole has been specified, the zero point of the current workpiece coordinate system applies. Example Poles 1 to 3 are defined as follows: • Pole 1 with G111 X… Y… •...
Page 197: Travel Commands With Polar Coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, Ap, Rp)
Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates 9.3.2 Travel commands with polar coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, AP, RP) Function Travel commands with polar coordinates are useful when the dimensions of a workpiece or part of the workpiece are measured from a central point and the dimensions are specified in angles and radii (e.g.
Page 198 Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates Polar angle Angle between the polar radius and the horizontal axis of the working plane (e.g. X axis for G17). The positive direction of rotation runs counter-clockwise. Range of values: ± 0…360° The angle can be specified either incremental or absolute: Absolute dimension input AP=AC(...): Incremental dimension input...
Page 199 Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates General conditions • No Cartesian coordinates such as interpolation parameters, axis addresses, etc. may be programmed for the selected working plane in NC blocks with polar end point coordinates. • If a pole has not been defined with G110 ... G112, then the zero point of the current workpiece coordinate system is automatically considered as the pole: •...
Page 200 Motion commands 9.3 Travel commands with polar coordinates Example Creation of a drilling pattern The positions of the holes are specified in polar coordinates. Each hole is machined with the same production sequence: Rough-drilling, drilling as dimensioned, reaming … The machining sequence is stored in the subroutine.
Page 201: Rapid Traverse Movement (G0, Rtlion, Rtliof)
Motion commands 9.4 Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Function Rapid traverse motion is used: • For rapid positioning of the tool • To travel around the workpiece • To approach tool change points •...
Page 202 Motion commands 9.4 Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Examples Example 1: Milling Program code Comment N10 G90 S400 M3 ; Absolute dimension input, spindle clockwise N20 G0 X30 Y20 Z2 ; Approach of the starting position N30 G1 Z-5 F1000G1 ;...
Page 203 Motion commands 9.4 Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Example 2: Turning Program code Comment N10 G90 S400 M3 ; Absolute dimension input, spindle clockwise N20 G0 X25 Z5 ; Approach of the starting position N30 G1 G94 Z0 F1000G1 ;...
Page 204 Motion commands 9.4 Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Further information Rapid traverse velocity The tool movement programmed with G0 is executed at the highest traversing speed (rapid traverse). The rapid traverse speed is defined separately for each axis in machine data. If the rapid traverse movement is executed simultaneously on several axes, the rapid traverse speed is determined by the axis, which requires the most time for its section of the path.
Page 205 Motion commands 9.4 Rapid traverse movement (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) Linear interpolation applies in the following cases: • For a G-code combination with G0 that does not permit positioning axis motion (e.g. G40/ G41/G42) • For a combination of G0 with G64 •...
Page 206: Linear Interpolation (G1)
Motion commands 9.5 Linear interpolation (G1) Linear interpolation (G1) Function With G1 the tool travels on paraxial, inclined or straight lines arbitrarily positioned in space. Linear interpolation permits machining of 3D surfaces, grooves, etc. Milling: Syntax G1 X… Y… Z … F… G1 AP=…...
Page 207 Motion commands 9.5 Linear interpolation (G1) Note G1 is modal. Spindle speed S and spindle direction M3/M4 must be specified for the machining. Axis groups, for which path feedrate F applies, can be defined with FGROUP. You will find more information in the "Path behavior" section. Examples Example 1: Machining of a groove (milling) The tool travels from the starting point to the...
Page 208 Motion commands 9.5 Linear interpolation (G1) Example 2: Machining of a groove (turning) Program code Comment N10 G17 S400 M3 ; Selection of the working plane, spindle clockwise N20 G0 X40 Y-6 Z2 ; Approach of the starting position N30 G1 Z-3 F40 ;...
Page 209: Circular Interpolation
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Circular interpolation 9.6.1 Circular interpolation types (G2/G3, ...) Possibilities of programming circular movements The control provides a range of different ways to program circular movements. This allows you to implement almost any type of drawing dimension directly. The circular movement is described by the: •...
Page 210 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Significance Circular interpolation, clockwise Circular interpolation, counterclockwise Circular interpolation through intermediate point CIP: Circle with tangential transition defines the circle X Y Z : End point in Cartesian coordinates I J K : Circle center point in Cartesian coordinates in X, Y, Z direction CR= : Circle radius AR= :...
Page 211 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Program code Comment N30 G2 AR=269.31 X115 Y113.3 ; Opening angle, circle end point N30 N30 CIP X80 Y120 Z-10 ; Circle end point and intermediate point I1=IC(-85.35) J1=IC(-35.35) K1=-6 ; Coordinates for all three geometry axes N40 M30 ;...
Page 212: Circular Interpolation With Center Point And End Point (G2/G3, X
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.2 Circular interpolation with center point and end point (G2/G3, X... Y... Z..., I... J... K...) Function Circular interpolation enables machining of full circles or arcs. The circular movement is described by: • The end point in Cartesian coordinates X, Y, Z and •...
Page 213 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Note G2 and G3 are modal. The default settings G90/G91 absolute and incremental dimensions are only valid for the circle end point. Per default, the center point coordinates I, J, K are entered in incremental dimensions in relation to the circle starting point.
Page 214 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Example 2: Turning Center point data using incremental dimensions N120 G0 X12 Z0 N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 G3 X70 Z-75 I-3.335 K-29.25 N135 G1 Z-95 Center point data using absolute dimensions N120 G0 X12 Z0 N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 G3 X70 Z-75 I=AC(33.33) K=AC(-54.25) N135 G1 Z-95...
Page 215 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation The control needs the working plane parameter (G17 to G19) to calculate the direction of rotation for the circle (G2 is clockwise or G3 is counter-clockwise). It is advisable to specify the working plane generally. Exception: You can also machine circles outside the selected working plane (not with arc angle and helix parameters).
Page 216: Circular Interpolation With Radius And End Point (G2/G3, X
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.3 Circular interpolation with radius and end point (G2/G3, X... Y... Z.../ I... J... K..., CR) Function The circular motion is described by the: • Circle radius CR=and • End point in Cartesian coordinates X, Y, Z. In addition to the circle radius, you must also specify the leading sign +/–...
Page 217 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Examples Example 1: Milling Program code N10 G0 X67.5 Y80.511 N20 G3 X17.203 Y38.029 CR=34.913 F500 Example 2: Turning Program code N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 G3 X70 Z-75 CR=30 N135 G1 Z-95 Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 218: Circular Interpolation With Opening Angle And Center Point
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.4 Circular interpolation with opening angle and center point (G2/G3, X... Y... Z.../ I... J... K..., AR) Function The circular movement is described by: • The opening angle AR = and • The end point in Cartesian coordinates X, Y, Z or •...
Page 219 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Examples Example 1: Milling Program code N10 G0 X67.5 Y80.211 N20 G3 X17.203 Y38.029 AR=140.134 F500 N20 G3 I–17.5 J–30.211 AR=140.134 F500 Example 2: Turning 54.25 54.25 Program code N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 G3 X70 Z-75 AR=135.944 N130 G3 I-3.335 K-29.25 AR=135.944 N130 G3 I=AC(33.33) K=AC(-54.25) AR=135.944 N135 G1 Z-95...
Page 220: Circular Interpolation With Polar Coordinates (G2/G3, Ap, Rp)
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.5 Circular interpolation with polar coordinates (G2/G3, AP, RP) Function The circular movement is described by: • The polar angle AP=... • The polar radius RP=... The following rule applies: • The pole lies at the circle center. •...
Page 221 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Examples Example 1: Milling Program code N10 G0 X67.5 Y80.211 N20 G111 X50 Y50 N30 G3 RP=34.913 AP=200.052 F500 Example 2: Turning 54.25 54.25 Program code N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 G111 X33.33 Z-54.25 N135 G3 RP=30 AP=142.326 N140 G1 Z-95 Fundamentals...
Page 222: Circular Interpolation With Intermediate Point And End Point
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.6 Circular interpolation with intermediate point and end point (CIP, X... Y... Z..., I1... J1... K1...) Function CIP can be used to program arcs. These arcs can also be inclined in space. In this case, you describe the intermediate and end points with three coordinates.
Page 223 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Note CIP is modal. Input in absolute and incremental dimensions The G90/G91 defaults for absolute or incremental dimensions are valid for the intermediate and circle end points. With G91, the circle starting point is used as the reference for the intermediate point and end point.
Page 224 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Example 2: Turning Program code N125 G1 X40 Z-25 F0.2 N130 CIP X70 Z-75 I1=IC(26.665) K1=IC(-29.25) N130 CIP X70 Z-75 I1=93.33 K1=-54.25 N135 G1 Z-95 Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 225: Circular Interpolation With Tangential Transition (Ct, X
Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation 9.6.7 Circular interpolation with tangential transition (CT, X... Y... Z...) Function The Tangential transition function is an expansion of the circle programming. The circle is defined by: • The start and end point and • The tangent direction at the start point.
Page 226 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Note CT is modal. As a rule, the circle is clearly defined by the tangent direction as well as the starting point and end point. Examples Example 1: Milling Milling a circular arc with CT directly after the straight part.
Page 227 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Example 2: Turning Program code Comment N110 G1 X23.293 Z0 F10 N115 X40 Z-30 F0.2 N120 CT X58.146 Z-42 ; Circular-path programming with tangential transition. N125 G1 X70 Further information Splines In the case of splines, the tangential direction is defined by the straight line through the last two points.
Page 228 Motion commands 9.6 Circular interpolation Position of the circle plane The position of the circle plane depends on the active plane (G17-G19). If the tangent of the previous block does not lie in the active plane, its projection in the active plane is used.
Page 229: Helical Interpolation (G2/G3, Turn)
Motion commands 9.7 Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) Function The helical interpolation enables, for example, the production of threads or oil grooves. With helical interpolation, two motions are superimposed and executed in parallel: • A plane circular motion on which •...
Page 230 Motion commands 9.7 Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) AP= : Polar angle RP= : Polar radius Note G2 and G3 are modal. The circular motion is performed in those axes that are defined by the specification of the working plane. Example Program code Comment N10 G17 G0 X27.5 Y32.99 Z3...
Page 231 Motion commands 9.7 Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) Further information Sequence of motions 1. Approach starting point 2. Execute the full circles programmed with TURN=. 3. Approach circle end position, e.g. as part rotation. 4. Execute steps 2 and 3 across the infeed depth. The pitch, with which the helix is to be machined is calculated from the number of full circles plus the programmed circle end position (executed across the infeed depth).
Page 232: Involute Interpolation (Invcw, Invccw)
Motion commands 9.8 Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) Function The involute of the circle is a curve traced out from the end point on a "piece of string" unwinding from the curve. Involute interpolation allows trajectories along an involute. It is executed in the plane in which the basic circle is defined and runs from the programmed starting point to the programmed end point.
Page 233 Motion commands 9.8 Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) Meaning Command to travel on an involute in clockwise direction INVCW: Command to travel on an involute in counterclockwise INVCCW: direction X... Y... Z... : Direct programming of the end point in Cartesian coordinates I...
Page 234 Motion commands 9.8 Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) The specifications of the radius and center point of the basic circle as well as the starting point and direction of rotation (INVCW/INVCCW) are the same for involutes 1 and 2. The only difference is in the sign of the opening angle: •...
Page 235 Motion commands 9.8 Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) Examples Example 1: Counterclockwise involute from the starting point to the programmed end point and back again as clockwise involute Program code Comment N10 G1 X10 Y0 F5000 ; Approach of the starting position. N15 G17 ;...
Page 236 Motion commands 9.8 Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW) Example 2: Counterclockwise involute with indirect programming of the end point through specification of an opening angle Program code Comment N10 G1 X10 Y0 F5000 ; Approach of the starting position. N15 G17 ;...
Page 237: Contour Definitions
Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Contour definitions 9.9.1 General information about contour definitions Function The contour definition programming is used for the quick input of simple contours. Programmable are contour definitions with one, two, three or more points with the transition elements chamfer or rounding, through specification of Cartesian coordinates and/or angles.
Page 238: Contour Definitions: One Straight Line (Ang)
Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions 9.9.2 Contour definitions: One straight line (ANG) Note In the following description it is assumed that • G18 is active ( ⇒ active working plane is the Z/X plane). (However, the programming of contour definitions is also possible without restrictions with G17 or G19.) •...
Page 239 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Significance X... : End point coordinate in the X direction Z... : End point coordinate in the Z direction Identifier for the angle programming ANG: The specified value (angle) refers to the abscissa of the active working plane (Z axis with G18).
Page 240: Contour Definitions: Two Straight Lines (Ang)
Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions 9.9.3 Contour definitions: Two straight lines (ANG) Note In the following description it is assumed that: • G18 is active ( ⇒ active working plane is the Z/X plane). (However, the programming of contour definitions is also possible without restrictions with G17 or G19.) •...
Page 241 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Syntax 1. Programming of the end point of the first straight line by specifying the angle • Corner as transition between the straight lines: ANG=… X… Z… ANG=… • Rounding as transition between the straight lines: ANG=…...
Page 242 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Significance ANG=... : Identifier for angle programming The specified value (angle) refers to the abscissa of the active working plane (Z axis with G18). RND=... : Identifier for the programming of a rounding The specified value corresponds to the radius of the rounding: Figure 9-3 CHR=...
Page 243 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Example Program code Comment N10 X10 Z80 F1000 G18 ; Approach of the starting position. N20 ANG=148.65 CHR=5.5 ; Straight line with angle and chamfer specification. N30 X85 Z40 ANG=100 ; Straight line with angle and end point specification. N40 ...
Page 244: Contour Definitions: Three Straight Line (Ang)
Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions 9.9.4 Contour definitions: Three straight line (ANG) Note In the following description it is assumed that: • G18 is active ( ⇒ active working plane is the Z/X plane). (However, the programming of contour definitions is also possible without restrictions with G17 or G19.) •...
Page 245 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Syntax 1. Programming of the end point of the first straight line by specifying the angle • Corner as transition between the straight lines: ANG=… X… Z… ANG=… X… Z… • Rounding as transition between the straight lines: ANG=…...
Page 246 Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Significance ANG=... : Identifier for angle programming The specified value (angle) refers to the abscissa of the active working plane (Z axis with G18). RND=... : Identifier for programming a rounding The specified value corresponds to the radius of the rounding: Figure 9-5 CHR=...
Page 247: Contour Definitions: End Point Programming With Angle
Motion commands 9.9 Contour definitions Example Program code Comment N10 X10 Z100 F1000 G18 ; Approach of the starting position. N20 ANG=140 CHR=7.5 ; Straight line with angle and chamfer specification. N30 X80 Z70 ANG=95.824 RND=10 ; Straight line to intermediate point with angle and chamfer specification.
Page 248: Thread Cutting With Constant Lead (G33)
Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) 9.10.1 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33, SF) Function Threads with constant lead can be machined with G33: ③ • Cylinder thread ② • Face thread ①...
Page 249 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Multiple thread Multiple thread (thread with offset cuts) can be machined by specifying a starting point offset. The programming is performed in the G33 block at address SF. Note If no starting point offset is specified, the "starting angle for thread" defined in the setting data is used.
Page 250 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Direction of rotation of the thread The direction of rotation of the thread is determined by the direction of rotation of the spindle: • Clockwise with M3 produces a right-hand thread •...
Page 251 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Examples Example 1: Double cylinder thread with 180° starting point offset Program code Comment N10 G1 G54 X99 Z10 S500 F100 M3 ; Work offset, approach starting point, activate spindle. N20 G33 Z-100 K4 ;...
Page 252 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Example 2: Tapered thread with angle less than 45° Program code Comment N10 G1 X50 Z0 S500 F100 M3 ; Approach starting point, activate spindle. N20 G33 X110 Z-60 K4 ; Tapered thread: End point in X and Z, specification of thread lead with K...
Page 253 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Cylinder thread The cylinder thread is described by: • Thread length • Thread lead The thread length is entered with one of the Cartesian coordinates X, Y or Z in absolute or incremental dimensions (for turning machines preferably in the Z direction).
Page 254 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Face thread The face thread is described by: • Thread diameter (preferably in the X direction) • Thread lead (preferably with I) Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 255 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Tapered thread The tapered thread is described by: • End point in the longitudinal and transverse direction (taper contour) • Thread lead The taper contour is entered in Cartesian coordinates X, Y, Z in absolute or incremental dimensions - preferentially in the X and Z direction for machining on turning machines.
Page 256: Programmable Run-In And Run-Out Paths (Dits, Dite)
Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) 9.10.2 Programmable run-in and run-out paths (DITS, DITE) Function The DITS and DITE commands can be used to program the path ramp for acceleration and braking, providing a means of adapting the feedrate accordingly if the tool run-in/run-out is too short: •...
Page 257 Motion commands 9.10 Thread cutting with constant lead (G33) Note The DITS and DITE commands relate to setting data SD42010 $SC_THREAD_RAMP_DISP[0,1], in which the programmed paths are written. If no run-in/deceleration path is programmed before or in the first thread block, the corresponding value is determined by the current value of SD42010.
Page 258: Thread Cutting With Increasing Or Decreasing Lead (G34, G35)
Motion commands 9.11 Thread cutting with increasing or decreasing lead (G34, G35) 9.11 Thread cutting with increasing or decreasing lead (G34, G35) Function With the commands G34 and G35, the G33 functionality has been extended with the option of programming a change in the thread lead at address F. With G34, this results in a linear increase and with G35 to a linear decrease of the thread lead.
Page 259 Motion commands 9.11 Thread cutting with increasing or decreasing lead (G34, G35) K... : Thread lead in Z direction Thread lead change F...: If you already know the starting and final lead of a thread, you can calculate the thread lead change to be programmed according to the following equation: The identifiers have the following meanings: Thread lead (thread lead of axis target point coordinate)
Page 260: Tapping Without Compensating Chuck (G331, G332)
Motion commands 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) Precondition With regard to technology, tapping without compensating chuck requires a position-controlled spindle with position measuring system. Function Tapping without compensating chuck is programmed using the G331 and G332 commands. The spindle prepared for tapping can make the following movements in position-controlled operation with distance measuring system: •...
Page 261 Motion commands 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) • SPOS (or M70) only has to be programmed prior to tapping: For threads requiring multiple machining operations for their production For production processes requiring a defined thread starting position Conversely, when machining multiple threads one after the other, SPOS (or M70) does not have to be programmed (advantage: saves time).
Page 262 Motion commands 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) Examples Example 1: G331 and G332 Program code Comment N10 SPOS[n]=0 ; Prepare tapping. N20 G0 X0 Y0 Z2 ; Approach starting point. N30 G331 Z-50 K-4 S200 ; Tapping, drilling depth 50, lead K negative = counterclockwise spindle rotation.
Page 263 Motion commands 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) Example 3: Application of the second gear-stage data record The switching thresholds of the second gear-stage data record for the maximum and minimum speed are evaluated for G331/G332 and when programming an S value for the active master spindle.
Page 264 Motion commands 9.12 Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332) Example 5: Gear stage cannot be changed → monitoring of gear stage If the spindle speed is programmed in addition to the geometry in the G331 block when using the second gear-stage data record, if the speed is not within the preset speed range (defined by the maximum and minimum speed thresholds) of the active gear stage, it will not be possible to change gear stages, because the path motion of the spindle and the infeed axis (axes) would not be retained.
Page 265: Tapping With Compensating Chuck (G63)
Motion commands 9.13 Tapping with compensating chuck (G63) 9.13 Tapping with compensating chuck (G63) Function With G63 you can tap a compensating chuck. The following are programmed: • Drilling depth in Cartesian coordinates • Spindle speed and direction • Feedrate The chuck compensates for any deviations occurring in the path.
Page 266 Motion commands 9.13 Tapping with compensating chuck (G63) Feedrate Note The programmed feed must match the ratio of the speed to the thread lead of the tap. Thumb rule: Feedrate F in mm/min = spindle speed S in rpm * thread lead in mm/rev Not only the feedrate, but also the spindle speed override switch are set to 100% with G63.
Page 267: Fast Retraction For Thread Cutting (Lfon, Lfof, Dilf, Alf, Lftxt, Lfwp, Lfpos, Polf, Polfmask, Polfmlin)
Motion commands 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, POLFMLIN) Function The "Fast retraction for thread cutting (G33)" function can be used to interrupt thread cutting without causing irreparable damage in the following circumstances: •...
Page 268 Motion commands 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, The retraction direction is controlled in conjunction with ALF with G LFTXT functions LFTXT and LFWP. LFWP: The plane in which the retraction movement is executed is LFTXT: calculated from the path tangent and the tool direction (default setting).
Page 269 Motion commands 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, Note LFON or LFOF can always be programmed, but the evaluation is performed exclusively during thread cutting (G33). Note POLF with POLFMASK/POLFMLIN are not restricted to thread cutting applications. Examples Example 1: Enable fast retraction for thread cutting Program code...
Page 270 Motion commands 9.14 Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, Example 3: Fast retraction to absolute retraction position Path interpolation of X is suppressed in the event of a stop and a motion executed to position POLF[X] at maximum velocity instead.
Page 271: Chamfer, Rounding (Chf, Chr, Rnd, Rndm, Frc, Frcm)
Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) Function Contour corners within the active working plane can be executed as roundings or chamfers. For optimum surface quality, a separate feedrate can be programmed for chamfering/ rounding.
Page 272 Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) FRC=… : Non-modal feedrate for chamfering/rounding Feedrate in mm/min (with active G94) or mm/rev (with active <value>: G95) FRCM=… : Modal feedrate for chamfering/rounding Feedrate in mm/min (with active G94) or mm/rev (with active <value>: G95) FRCM=0 deactivates modal feedrate for chamfering/rounding and...
Page 273 Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) Examples Example 1: Chamfering between two straight lines • MD20201 Bit 0 = 1 (derived from previous block) • G71 is active. • The width of the chamfer in the direction of motion (CHR) should be 2 mm and the feedrate for chamfering 100 mm/min.
Page 274 Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) Example 2: Rounding between two straight lines • MD20201 Bit 0 = 1 (derived from previous block) • G71 is active. • The radius of the rounding should be 2 mm and the feedrate for rounding 50 mm/min.
Page 275 Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) Example 4: Modal rounding to deburr sharp workpiece edges Program code Comment N30 G1 X… Z… RNDM=2 FRCM=50 ; Activate modal rounding. Radius of rounding: 2 mm Feedrate for rounding: 50 mm/min N40...
Page 276 Motion commands 9.15 Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) Program code Comment N130 Y50 ; Modal rounding N130-N140 with F=3 mm/rev N140 X60 Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 277: Tool Radius Compensation
Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Function When tool radius compensation (TRC) is active, the control automatically calculates the equidistant tool paths for various tools. Syntax G0/G1 X... Y… Z... G41/G42 [OFFN=<value>] G40 X... Y… Z... Significance Activate TRC with machining direction left of the contour.
Page 278 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Note In the NC block with G40/G41/G42, G0 or G1 has to be active and at least one axis has to be specified on the selected working plane. If only one axis is specified on activation, the last position on the second axis is added automatically and traversed with both axes.
Page 279: Tool Radius Compensation
Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Example 2: "Conventional" procedure based on the example of milling "Conventional" procedure: 1. Tool call 2. Change tool. 3. Activate working plane and tool radius compensation. Program code Comment N10 G0 Z100 ;...
Page 280 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Example 3: Turning Program code Comment … N20 T1 D1 ; Only tool length compensation is activated. N30 G0 X100 Z20 ; X100 Z20 is approached without compensation. N40 G42 X20 Z1 ;...
Page 281 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Example 4: Turning Program code Comment N5 G0 G53 X280 Z380 D0 ; Starting point N10 TRANS X0 Z250 ; Zero offset N15 LIMS=4000 ; Speed limitation (G96) N20 G96 S250 M3 ;...
Page 282 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Program code Comment N95 G0 G40 G97 X100 Z50 M9 ; Deselect tool radius compensation and approach tool change location N100 T2 D2 ; Call tool and select offset N105 G96 S210 M3 ;...
Page 283 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Machining direction (G41/G42) From this information, the control detects the direction, in which the tool path is to be displaced. Note A negative offset value has the same significance as a change of offset side (G41 ↔ G42). Working plane (G17/G18/G19) From this information, the control detects the plane and therefore the axis directions for compensation.
Page 284 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Tool length compensation The wear parameter assigned to the diameter axis on tool selection can be defined as the diameter value using an MD. This assignment is not automatically altered when the plane is subsequently changed.
Page 285 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) Change in compensation direction (G41 ↔ G42) A change in compensation direction (G41 ↔ G42) can be programmed without an intermediate G40. Changing the working plane The working plane (G17/G18/G19) cannot be changed if G41/G42 is active. Change in tool offset data record (D…) The tool offset data record can be changed in compensation mode.
Page 286 Tool radius compensation 10.1 Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) In the case of linear movements, the tool travels along an inclined path between the starting point and end point: Circular interpolation produces spiral movements. Changing the tool radius The change can be made e.g.
Page 287: Contour Approach And Retraction (Norm, Kont, Kontc, Kontt)
Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) Function If tool radius compensation is active (G41/G42), the NORM, KONT, KONTC or KONTT command can be used to adapt the tool's approach and retract paths to the required contour profile or blank form.
Page 288 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) Example KONTC The full circle is approached beginning at the circle center point. The direction and curvature radius at the block end point of the approach block are identical to the values of the next circle.
Page 289 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) At the same time as the curvature is being adapted to the circular path of the full circle, traversing is performed from Z60 to the plane of the circle Z0: Figure 10-2 3D representation.
Page 290 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) 2. Retract: The tool is perpendicular to the last compensated path end point and then moves (irrespective of the preset approach angle programmed for the travel movement) directly in a straight line to the next uncompensated position, e.g.
Page 291 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) Approach/Retraction with KONT Prior to the approach the tool can be located in front of or behind the contour. The path tangent at the starting point serves as a separation line: Accordingly, two scenarios need to be distinguished where approach/retraction with KONT is concerned: 1.
Page 292 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) In both cases (G450/G451), the following approach path is generated: A straight line is drawn from the uncompensated approach point. This line is a tangent to a circle with circle radius = tool radius. The center point of the circle is on the starting point.
Page 293 Tool radius compensation 10.2 Contour approach and retraction (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) Differences between KONTC and KONTT The figure below shows the differences in approach/retraction behavior between KONTT and KONTC. A circle with a radius of 20 mm about the center point at X0 Y-40 is compensated with a tool with an external radius of 20 mm.
Page 294: Compensation At The Outside Corners (G450, G451, Disc)
Tool radius compensation 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) Function With tool radius compensation activated (G41/G42), command G450 or G451 can be used to define the course of the compensated tool path when traveling around outside corners: With G450 the tool center point travels With G451 the tool center point approaches the intersection of the two equidistants,...
Page 295 Tool radius compensation 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) Significance G450 is used to travel around workpiece corners on a circular path. G450: Flexible programming of the circular path with G450 (optional) DISC: Type: <value>: Range of values: 0, 1, 2 to 100 Significance: Transition circle Intersection of the equidistant paths...
Page 296 Tool radius compensation 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) Program code Comment N90 G0 Y100 N100 X200 M30 Further information G450/G451 At intermediate point P*, the control executes operations such as infeed movements or switching functions. These operations are programmed in blocks inserted between the two blocks forming the corner.
Page 297 Tool radius compensation 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) Traversing behavior When G450 is activated and with acute contour angles and high DISC values, the tool is lifted off the contour at the corners. In the case of contour angles equal to or greater than 120°, there is uniform travel around the contour: When G451 is activated and with acute contour angles, superfluous non-cutting tool paths can result from lift-off movements.
Page 298: Smooth Approach And Retraction
Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction 10.4.1 Approach and retraction (G140 to G143, G147, G148, G247, G248, G347, G348, G340, G341, DISR, DISCL, FAD, PM, PR) Function The SAR (Smooth Approach and Retraction) function is used to achieve a tangential approach to the start point of a contour, regardless of the position of the start point.
Page 299 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Significance Approach and retraction direction dependent on the current compensation G140: side (basic setting) Approach from the left or retraction to the left G141: Approach from the right or retraction to the right G142: Approach and retraction direction dependent on the relative position of the G143:...
Page 300 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Example • Smooth approach (block N20 activated) • Approach with quadrant (G247) • Approach direction not programmed, G140 applies, i.e. TRC is active (G41) • Contour offset OFFN=5 (N10) • Current tool radius=10, and so the effective compensation radius for TRC=15, the radius of the SAR contour =25, with the result that the radius of the tool center path is equal to DISR=10 •...
Page 301 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Program code Comment $TC_DP1[1,1]=120 ; Tool definition T1/D1 $TC_DP6[1,1]=10 ; Radius N10 G0 X0 Y0 Z20 G64 D1 T1 OFFN=5 ; (P0app) N20 G41 G247 G341 Z0 DISCL=AC(7) DISR=10 F1500 FAD=200 ; Approach (P3app) N30 G1 X30 Y-10 ;...
Page 302 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Further information Selecting the approach and retraction contour The appropriate G command can be used: • to approach or retract with a straight line (G147, G148), • a quadrant (G247, G248) or •...
Page 303 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Selecting the approach and retraction direction Use the tool radius compensation (G140, basic setting) to determine the approach and retraction direction with positive tool radius: • G41 active → approach from left •...
Page 304 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Distance of the point from the machining plane (DISCL) (see figure when selecting approach/ retraction contour) If the position of point P is to be specified by an absolute reference on the axis perpendicular to the circle plane, the value must be programmed in the form DISCL=AC(...).
Page 305 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction N30/N40 can be replaced by: Program code Comment N30 G41 G147 DISCL=3 DISR=13 X40 Y-10 Z0 F1000 Program code Comment N30 G41 G147 DISCL=3 DISR=13 F1000 N40 G1 X40 Y-10 Z0 • Programming during retraction For an SAR block without programmed geometry axis, the contour ends in P...
Page 306 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction If in the SAR block only the axis perpendicular to the machining plane is programmed, the contour will end at P . The positions of the remaining axes will result, as described above.
Page 307 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Example: Program code Comment $TC_DP1[1,1]=120 Milling tool T1/D1 $TC_DP6[1,1]=7 Tool with 7 mm radius N10 G90 G0 X0 Y0 Z20 D1 T1 N20 G41 G341 G247 DISCL=AC(5) DISR=13 FAD 500 X40 Y-10 Z=0 F200 N30 X50 N40 X60 During retraction, the roles of the modally active feedrate from the previous block and the...
Page 308 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 309: Approach And Retraction With Enhanced Retraction Strategies (G460, G461, G462)
Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Reading positions Points P and P can be read in the WCS as a system variable during approach. • $P_APR: reading P (initial point) • $P_AEP: reading P (contour starting point) • $P_APDV: read whether $P_APR and $P_AEP contain valid data 10.4.2 Approach and retraction with enhanced retraction strategies (G460, G461, G462)
Page 310 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Significance As previously (activation of the collision detection for the approach and retraction G460: block) Insertion of a circle in the TRC block, if it is not possible to have an intersection G461: whose center point is in the end point of the uncorrected block, and whose radius is the same as the tool radius.
Page 311 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction Further information G461 If no intersection is possible between the last TRC block and a preceding block, the offset curve of this block is extended with a circle whose center point lies at the end point of the uncorrected block and whose radius is equal to the tool radius.
Page 312 Tool radius compensation 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction With G462, the corner generated by N10 and N20 in the example program is not machined to the full extent actually possible with the tool used. However, this behavior may be necessary if the part contour (as distinct from the programmed contour), to the left of N20 in the example, is not permitted to be violated even with y values greater than 10 mm.
Page 313: Collision Monitoring (Cdon, Cdof, Cdof2)
Tool radius compensation 10.5 Collision monitoring (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) 10.5 Collision monitoring (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) Function With the collision detection and active tool radius compensation, the tool paths are monitored through look-ahead contour calculation. This Look Ahead function allows possible collisions to be detected in advance and permits the control to actively avoid them.
Page 314 Tool radius compensation 10.5 Collision monitoring (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) Note The number of NC blocks that are included in the collision detection, can be set via machine data. Example Milling on the center point path with standard tool The NC program describes the center point path of a standard tool. The contour for a tool that is actually used results in undersize, which is shown unrealistically large to demonstrate the geometric relationships in the following figure.
Page 315 Tool radius compensation 10.5 Collision monitoring (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) Example 1: Bottleneck detection As the tool radius selected for the machining of this inside contour is too large, the "bottleneck" is bypassed. An alarm is output. Example 2: Contour path shorter than tool radius The tool bypasses the workpiece corner on a transition circle, then continues on the programmed path.
Page 316 Tool radius compensation 10.5 Collision monitoring (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) Example 3: Tool radius too large for internal machining In such cases, the contours are machined only as much as is possible without causing a contour violation. References Function Manual, Basic Functions; Tool Offset (W1), Chapter: "Collision detection and bottleneck detection"...
Page 317: Tool Compensation (Cut2D, Cut2Df)
Tool radius compensation 10.6 2D tool compensation (CUT2D, CUT2DF) 10.6 2D tool compensation (CUT2D, CUT2DF) Function With CUT2D or CUT2DF you define how the tool radius compensation is to act or to be interpreted when machining in inclined planes. Tool length compensation The tool length compensation generally always refers to the fixed, non-rotated working plane.
Page 318 Tool radius compensation 10.6 2D tool compensation (CUT2D, CUT2DF) Further information Tool radius compensation, CUT2D As for many applications, tool length compensation and tool radius compensation are calculated in the fixed working plane specified with G17 to G19. Example of G17 (X/Y plane): Tool radius compensation is active in the non-rotated X/Y plane, tool length compensation in the Z ...
Page 319 Tool radius compensation 10.6 2D tool compensation (CUT2D, CUT2DF) Tool radius compensation, CUT2DF In this case, it is possible to arrange the tool orientation perpendicular to the inclined working plane on the machine. If a frame containing a rotation is programmed, the compensation plane is also rotated with CUT2DF.
Page 320: Keep Tool Radius Compensation Constant (Cutconon, Cutconof)
Tool radius compensation 10.7 Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) 10.7 Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) Function The "Keep tool radius compensation constant" function is used to suppress tool radius compensation for a number of blocks, whereby a difference between the programmed and the actual tool center path traveled set up by tool radius compensation in the previous blocks is retained as the compensation.
Page 321 Tool radius compensation 10.7 Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) Example Program code Comment ; Definition of tool d1. N20 $TC_DP1[1,1] = 110 ; Type N30 $TC_DP6[1,1]= 10. ; Radius N50 X0 Y0 Z0 G1 G17 T1 D1 F10000 N70 X20 G42 NORM N80 X30 N90 Y20...
Page 322 Tool radius compensation 10.7 Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) Further information Tool radius compensation is normally active before the compensation suppression and is still active when the compensation suppression is deactivated again. In the last traversing block before CUTCONON, the offset point in the block end point is approached. All following blocks in which offset suppression is active are traversed without offset.
Page 323: Tools With A Relevant Cutting Edge Position
Tool radius compensation 10.8 Tools with a relevant cutting edge position 10.8 Tools with a relevant cutting edge position In the case of tools with a relevant tool point direction (turning and grinding tools – tool types 400–599; see chapter "Sign evaluation wear"), a change from G40 to G41/G42 or vice-versa is treated as a tool change.
Page 324 Tool radius compensation 10.8 Tools with a relevant cutting edge position • In circle blocks and in motion blocks containing rational polynomials with a denominator degree > 4, it is not permitted to change a tool with active tool radius compensation in cases where the distance between the tool edge center point and the tool edge reference point changes.
Page 325: Path Action
Path action 11.1 Exact stop (G60, G9, G601, G602, G603) Function In exact stop traversing mode, all path axes and special axes involved in the traversing motion that are not traversed modally, are decelerated at the end of each block until they come to a standstill.
Page 326: Path Action
Path action 11.1 Exact stop (G60, G9, G601, G602, G603) Note The commands for activating the exact stop criteria (G601/G602/G603) are only effective if G60 or G9 is active. Example Program code Comment N5 G602 ; Criterion "Exact stop coarse" selected. N10 G0 G60 Z...
Page 327 Path action 11.1 Exact stop (G60, G9, G601, G602, G603) Note Do not set the limits for the exact stop criteria any tighter than necessary. The tighter the limits, the longer it takes to position and approach the target position. G603 The block change is initiated when the control has calculated a set velocity of zero for the axes involved.
Page 328: Auxiliary Function Outputs
Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Function In continuous-path mode, the path velocity at the end of the block (for the block change) is not decelerated to a level which would permit the fulfillment of an exact stop criterion.
Page 329 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Meaning Continuous-path mode with reduced velocity as per the overload factor G64: Continuous-path mode with smoothing as per distance criterion G641: ADIS=... : Distance criterion with G641 for path functions G1, G2, G3, etc. ADISPOS=...
Page 330 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) NOTICE If a rounding movement initiated by G641, G642, G643, G644 or G645 is interrupted, the starting or end point of the original traversing block (as appropriate for REPOS mode) will be used for subsequent repositioning (REPOS), rather than the interruption point.
Page 331 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Further information Continuous-path mode G64 In continuous-path mode, the tool travels across tangential contour transitions with as constant a path velocity as possible (no deceleration at block boundaries). LookAhead deceleration is applied before corners and blocks with exact stop.
Page 332 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Note If FGROUP does not contain all the path axes, there is often a step change in the velocity at block transitions for those axes excluded from FGROUP; the control limits this change in velocity to the permissible values set in MD32300 $MA_MAX_AX_ACCEL and MD32310 $MA_MAX_ACCEL_OVL_FACTOR.
Page 333 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Example: Program code Comment N10 G641 ADIS=0.5 G1 X... Y... ; The rounding block must begin no more than 0.5 mm before the programmed end of the block and must finish 0.5 mm after the end of the block.
Page 334 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Smoothing with contour and orientation tolerance with G642/G643 MD20480 $MC_SMOOTHING_MODE can be used to configure rounding with G642 and G643 so that instead of the axis-specific tolerances, a contour tolerance and an orientation tolerance can be applied.
Page 335 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) Smoothing of tangential block transitions with G645 With G645, the smoothing movement is defined so that the acceleration of all axes involved remains smooth (no jumps) and the parameterized maximum deviations from the original contour (MD33120 $MA_PATH_TRANS_POS_TOL) are not exceeded.
Page 336 Path action 11.2 Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) • Rounding is not parameterized. This occurs when: For G641 in G0 blocks ADISPOS = 0 (default!) For G641 in non-G0 blocks ADIS = 0 (default!) For G641 on transition from G0 and non-G0 or non-G0 and G0 respectively, the smaller value from ADISPOS and ADIS applies.
Page 337: Coordinate Transformations (Frames)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.1 Frames Frame The frame is a self-contained arithmetic rule that transforms one Cartesian coordinate system into another Cartesian coordinate system. Basic frame (basic offset) The basic frame describes coordinate transformation from the basic coordinate system (BCS) to the basic zero system (BZS) and has the same effect as settable frames.
Page 338 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.1 Frames Programmable frames Sometimes it is useful or necessary to move the originally selected workpiece coordinate system (or the "settable zero system") to another position within an NC program and, if required, to rotate it, mirror it and/or scale it. This can be achieved using programmable frames.
Page 339: Frame Instructions
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.2 Frame instructions 12.2 Frame instructions Function The operations for programmable frames apply in the current NC program. They function as either additive or substitute elements: • Substitute operation Deletes all previously programmed frame operations. The reference is provided by the last settable work offset called (G54 to G57, G505 to G599).
Page 340 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.2 Frame instructions Applications • Offset the zero point to any position on the workpiece. • Align the coordinate axes by rotating parallel to the desired working plane. Advantages In one setting: • Inclined surfaces can be machined •...
Page 341 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.2 Frame instructions Meaning Workpiece coordinate system offset in the direction of the specified TRANS/ATRANS: geometry axis or axes Workpiece coordinate system rotation: ROT/AROT: • By linking individual rotations around the specified geometry axis or axes • Around the angle RPL=...
Page 342 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.2 Frame instructions Workpiece coordinate system rotation by means of the ROTS/AROTS: specification of solid angles The orientation of a plane in space is defined unambiguously by specifying two solid angles. Therefore, up to 2 solid angles may be programmed: ROTS/AROTS X...
Page 343: Programmable Zero Offset
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset 12.3 Programmable zero offset 12.3.1 Zero offset (TRANS, ATRANS) Function TRANS/ATRANS can be used to program work offsets for all path and positioning axes in the direction of the axis specified in each case. This means that it is possible to work with changing zero points, e.g.
Page 344 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset Examples Example 1: Milling With this workpiece, the illustrated shapes recur several times in the same program. The machining sequence for this shape is stored in a subroutine. Work offset is used to set the workpiece zeros required in each case and then call the subprogram.
Page 345 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset Example 2: Turning Program code Comment N..N10 TRANS X0 Z150 ; Absolute offset N15 L20 ; Subroutine call N20 TRANS X0 Z140 (or ATRANS Z-10) ; Absolute offset N25 L20 ; Subroutine call N30 TRANS X0 Z130 (or ATRANS Z-10) ;...
Page 346 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset Note ATRANS can be used to program an offset to be added to existing frames. ATRANS X... Y... Z... Translation through the offset values programmed in the specified axis directions. The currently set or last programmed zero point is used as the reference. Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 347: Axial Zero Offset (G58, G59)
For SINUMERIK 828D the commands G58/G59 have a different function than for SINUMERIK 840D sl: • G58: Calls the 5th adjustable work offset (this corresponds to command G505 for SINUMERIK 840D sl) • G59: Calls the 6th adjustable work offset (this corresponds to command G506 for SINUMERIK 840D sl) Therefore, the following description of G58/G59 is only valid for SINUMERIK 840D sl.
Page 348 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset Significance G58 replaces the absolute translation component of the programmable G58: work offset for the specified axis, but the programmed additive offset remains valid The reference is provided by the last settable work offset called (G54 to G57, G505 to G599).
Page 349 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.3 Programmable zero offset The table below describes the effect of various program commands on the absolute and additive offsets. command Coarse or Fine or additive Comment absolute offset offset unchanged Absolute offset for X TRANS X10 unchanged Overwrites absolute offset for X G58 X10...
Page 350: Programmable Rotation (Rot, Arot, Rpl)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Function ROT/AROT can be used to rotate the workpiece coordinate system around each of the three geometry axes X, Y, Z or through an angle RPL in the selected working plane G17 to G19 (or around the perpendicular infeed axis).
Page 351 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Examples Example 1: Rotation in the plane With this workpiece, the shapes shown recur in a program. In addition to the zero offset, rotations have to be performed, as the shapes are not arranged paraxially. Program code Comment N10 G17 G54...
Page 352 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Example 2: Spatial rotation In this example, paraxial and inclined workpiece surfaces are to be machined in a clamping. Condition: The tool must be aligned perpendicular to the inclined surface in the rotated Z direction.
Page 353 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Program code Comment N10 G17 G54 ; Working plane X/Y, workpiece zero N20 L10 ; Subroutine call N30 TRANS X100 Z-100 ; Absolute offset N40 AROT Y90 ; Rotation of the coordinate system around Y AROT Y90 N50 AROT Z90 ;...
Page 354 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Further information Rotation in the plane The coordinate system is rotated: • in the plane selected with G17 to G19. Substitute operation ROT RPL=... or additive operation AROT RPL=... • in the current plane around the angle of rotation programmed with RPL=..Note See "Rotation in space"...
Page 355 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) ROT X... Y... Z... The coordinate system is rotated through the programmed angle around the specified axes. The center of rotation is provided by the last settable work offset specified (G54 to G57, G505 to G599).
Page 356 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) AROT X... Y... Z... Rotation through the angle values programmed in the axis direction parameters. The center of rotation is the currently set or last programmed zero point. Note In the case of both operations, please bear in mind the sequence and direction in which the rotations are being executed! Direction of rotation The following is defined as the positive direction of rotation: The view in the direction of the...
Page 357 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Order of rotation Up to 3 geometry axes can be rotated simultaneously in one NC block. The sequence in which the rotations are executed is defined using machine data (MD10600 $MN_FRAME_ANGLE_INPUT_MODE): • RPY notation: Z, Y', X'' •...
Page 358 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) Examples of reading back in RPY $P_UIFR[1] = CROT(X, 10, Y, 90, Z, 40) returns on reading back: $P_UIFR[1] = CROT(X, 0, Y, 90, Z, 30) $P_UIFR[1] = CROT(X, 190, Y, 0, Z, -200) returns on reading back $P_UIFR[1] = CROT(X, -170, Y, 0, Z, 160) When frame rotation components are read and written, the value range limits must be...
Page 359 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.4 Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) The working plane also rotates The working plane defined with G17, G18 or G19 rotates with the spatial rotation. Example: Working plane G17 X/Y, the workpiece coordinate system is positioned on the top surface of the workpiece.
Page 360: Programmable Frame Rotations With Solid Angles (Rots, Arots, Crots)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.5 Programmable frame rotations with solid angles (ROTS, AROTS, CROTS) 12.5 Programmable frame rotations with solid angles (ROTS, AROTS, CROTS) Function Orientations in space can be defined by programming frame rotations with solid angles. The ROTS, AROTS and CROTS commands are available for this purpose. ROTS and AROTS behave in the same way asROT and AROT.
Page 361 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.5 Programmable frame rotations with solid angles (ROTS, AROTS, CROTS) Significance Absolute frame rotations with solid angles, with reference to ROTS: the currently valid workpiece zero set with G54 to G57, G505 to G599. Additive frame rotations with solid angles with reference to AROTS: the currently valid set or programmed zero point Frame rotations with solid angles, with reference to the valid...
Page 362: Programmable Scale Factor (Scale, Ascale)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.6 Programmable scale factor (SCALE, ASCALE) 12.6 Programmable scale factor (SCALE, ASCALE) Function SCALE/ASCALE can be used to program up or down scale factors for all path, synchronized, and positioning axes in the direction of the axes specified in each case. This makes it possible, therefore, to take geometrically similar shapes or different shrinkage allowances into account in the programming.
Page 363 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.6 Programmable scale factor (SCALE, ASCALE) Program code Comment N10 G17 G54 ; Working plane X/Y, workpiece zero N20 TRANS X15 Y15 ; Absolute offset N30 L10 ; Machine large pocket N40 TRANS X40 Y20 ; Absolute offset N50 AROT RPL=35 ;...
Page 364 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.6 Programmable scale factor (SCALE, ASCALE) AROT TRANS Scaling and offset Note If an offset is programmed with ATRANS after SCALE, the offset values will also be scaled. Different scale factors CAUTION Please take great care when using different scale factors! Circular interpolations can, for example, only be scaled using identical factors.
Page 365: Programmable Mirroring (Mirror, Amirror)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) Function MIRROR/AMIRROR can be used to mirror workpiece shapes on coordinate axes. All traversing movements programmed after the mirror call (e.g. in the subprogram) are executed with mirroring.
Page 366 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) Program code Comment N10 G17 G54 ; Working plane X/Y, workpiece zero N20 L10 ; Machine first contour at top right N30 MIRROR X0 ; Mirror X axis (the direction is changed in X) N40 L10 ;...
Page 367 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) Further information MIRROR X... Y... Z... The mirror is programmed by means of an axial change of direction in the selected working plane. Example: Working plane G17 X/Y The mirror (on the Y axis) requires a direction change in X and, accordingly, is programmed with MIRROR X0.
Page 368 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) Deactivate mirroring For all axes: MIRROR (without axis parameter) All frame components of the previously programmed frame are reset. Tool radius compensation Note The mirror command causes the control to automatically change the path compensation commands (G41/G42 or G42/G41) according to the new machining direction.
Page 369 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.7 Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) Note If you program an additive rotation with AROT after MIRROR, you may have to work with reversed directions of rotation (positive/negative or negative/positive). Mirrors on the geometry axes are converted automatically by the control into rotations and, where appropriate, mirrors on the mirror axis specified in the machine data.
Page 370: Frame Generation According To Tool Orientation (Toframe, Torot, Parot)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.8 Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) 12.8 Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) Function TOFRAME generates a rectangular frame whose Z axis coincides with the current tool orientation. This means that the user can retract the tool in the Z direction without risk of collision (e.g.
Page 371 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.8 Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) Syntax TOFRAME/TOFRAMEZ/TOFRAMEY/TOFRAMEX TOROTOF TOROT/TOROTZ/TOROTY/TOROTX TOROTOF PAROT PAROTOF Significance Align the Z axis of the workpiece coordinate system parallel to the TOFRAME: workpiece orientation by rotating the frame As TOFRAME TOFRAMEZ: Align the Y axis of the workpiece coordinate system parallel to the...
Page 372 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.8 Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) Example Program code Comment N100 G0 G53 X100 Z100 D0 N120 TOFRAME N140 G91 Z20 ; TOFRAME is included in the calculation, all programmed geometry axis movements refer to the new coordinate system.
Page 373: Deselect Frame (G53, G153, Supa, G500)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.9 Deselect frame (G53, G153, SUPA, G500) 12.9 Deselect frame (G53, G153, SUPA, G500) Function When executing certain processes, such as approaching the tool change point, various frame components have to be defined and suppressed at different times. Settable frames can either be deactivated modally or suppressed non-modally.
Page 374: Deselecting Overlaid Movements (Drfof, Corrof)
Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.10 Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) 12.10 Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) Function The additive work offsets set by means of handwheel traversal (DRF offsets) and the position offsets programmed using system variable $AA_OFF[<axis>] can be deselected using the part program commands DRFOF and CORROF.
Page 375 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.10 Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) Examples Example 1: Axial deselection of a DRF offset (1) A DRF offset is generated in the X axis by DRF handwheel traversal. No DRF offsets are operative for any other axes in the channel. Program code Comment N10 CORROF(X,"DRF")
Page 376 Coordinate transformations (frames) 12.10 Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) Example 5: Axial deselection of a DRF offset and a $AA_OFF position offset (2) A DRF offset is generated in the X and Y axes by DRF handwheel traversal. No DRF offsets are operative for any other axes in the channel.
Page 377: Auxiliary Function Outputs
Auxiliary function outputs Function The auxiliary function output sends information to the PLC indicating when the NC program needs the PLC to perform specific switching operations on the machine tool. The auxiliary functions are output, together with their parameters, to the PLC interface. The values and signals must be processed by the PLC user program.
Page 378 Auxiliary function outputs Properties Important properties of the auxiliary function are shown in the following overview table: Address extension Value Maximum Function Explanations number per Meaning Range Range Type Meaning block 0 ... 99 Function The address extension is 0 for the range between 0 and (implicit) Mandatory without address...
Page 379 Auxiliary function outputs Further information Number of function outputs per NC block Up to 10 function outputs can be programmed in one NC block. Auxiliary functions can also be output from the action component of synchronized actions. References: Function Manual, Synchronized Actions Grouping The functions described can be grouped together.
Page 380 Auxiliary function outputs CAUTION Function outputs in continuous-path mode Function outputs before the traversing movements interrupt the continuous-path mode (G64/ G641) and generate an exact stop for the previous block. Function outputs after the traversing movements interrupt the continuous-path mode (G64/ G641) and generate an exact stop for the current block.
Page 381: M Functions
Auxiliary function outputs 13.1 M functions 13.1 M functions Function The M functions initiate switching operations, such as "Coolant ON/OFF" and other functions on the machine. Syntax M<value> M[<address extension>] = <value> Significance Address for the programming of the M functions. The extended address notation applies for some M functions <address extension>: (e.g.
Page 382 Auxiliary function outputs 13.1 M functions M function Meaning Gear stage 5 Spindle is switched to axis mode NOTICE Extended address notation cannot be used for the functions marked with *. The commands M0, M1, M2, M17 and M30 are always issued after the traversing movement. M functions defined by the machine manufacturer All free M function numbers can be used by the machine manufacturer, e.g.
Page 383 Auxiliary function outputs 13.1 M functions Further information about the predefined M commands Programmed stop: M0 The machining is stopped in the NC block with M0. You can now remove chips, remeasure, etc. Programmed stop 1 - optional stop: M1 M1 can be set via: •...
Page 384 Auxiliary function outputs 13.1 M functions Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 385: Supplementary Commands
Supplementary commands 14.1 Messages (MSG) Function Using the MSG() command, any character string from the part program can be output as message to the operator. Syntax MSG("<Message text>"[,<Execution>]) MSG () Significance Keyword for programming a message text MSG: Any character string to be displayed as message <message text>: Type: STRING...
Page 386: Supplementary Commands
Supplementary commands 14.1 Messages (MSG) Examples Example 1: Output/delete message Program code Comment N10 G91 G64 F100 ; Continuous-path mode N20 X1 Y1 N... X... Y... N20 MSG ("Machining part 1") The message is first output with N30. Continuous-path mode is kept. N30 X...
Page 387: Writing String In Opi Variable (Wrtpr)
Supplementary commands 14.2 Writing string in OPI variable (WRTPR) 14.2 Writing string in OPI variable (WRTPR) Function Using the WRTPR() function, you can write any character string from the part program into the OPI variable progProtText. Syntax WRTPR(<character string>[,<execution>]) Meaning Function to output a character string.
Page 388: Working Area Limitation
Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation 14.3 Working area limitation 14.3.1 Working area limitation in BCS (G25/G26, WALIMON, WALIMOF) Function G25/G26 limits the working area (working field, working space) in which the tool can traverse. The areas outside the working area limitations defined with G25/G26 are inhibited for any tool motion.
Page 389 Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation The working area limitation for all validated axes must be programmed with the WALIMON command. The WALIMOF command deactivates the working area limitation. WALIMON is the default setting. Therefore, it only has to be programmed if the working area limitation has been disabled beforehand.
Page 390 Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation Note G25/G26 can also be used to program limits for spindle speeds at the address S. For more information see " Programmable spindle speed limitation (G25, G26) [Page 108] ". Example Using the working area limitation G25/26, the working area of a lathe is limited so that the surrounding devices and equipment - such as revolver, measuring station, etc.
Page 391 Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation Further information Reference point at the tool When tool length compensation is active, the tip of the tool is monitored as reference point, otherwise it is the toolholder reference point. Consideration of the tool radius must be activated separately. This is done using channel- specific machine data: MD21020 $MC_WORKAREA_WITH_TOOL_RADIUS If the tool reference point lies outside the working area defined by the working area limitation...
Page 392: Working Area Limitation In Wcs/Szs (Walcs0
Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation 14.3.2 Working area limitation in WCS/SZS (WALCS0 ... WALCS10) Function In addition to the working area limitation with WALIMON (see "Working area limitation in BCS (G25/G26, WALIMON, WALIMOF) [Page 388]") there is an additional working area limitation that is activated using the G commands WALCS1 to WALCS10.
Page 393 Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation Meaning The working area limitations of the individual axes are set and the reference frame (WCS or SZS), in which the working area limits are to be effective, activated with WALCS1 - WALCS10, by writing to channel-specific system variables: System variable Meaning Setting the working area limits...
Page 394 Supplementary commands 14.3 Working area limitation Program code Comment N51 $P_WORKAREA_CS_COORD_SYSTEM[2]=1 ; The working area limitation of working area limitation group 2 applies in the WCS. N60 $P_WORKAREA_CS_PLUS_ENABLE[2,X]=TRUE N61 $P_WORKAREA_CS_LIMIT_PLUS[2,X]=10 N62 $P_WORKAREA_CS_MINUS_ENABLE[2,X]=FALSE N70 $P_WORKAREA_CS_PLUS_ENABLE[2,Y]=TRUE N73 $P_WORKAREA_CS_LIMIT_PLUS[2,Y]=34 N72 $P_WORKAREA_CS_MINUS_ENABLE[2,Y]=TRUE N73 $P_WORKAREA_CS_LIMIT_MINUS[2,Y]=–25 N80 $P_WORKAREA_CS_PLUS_ENABLE[2,Z]=FALSE N82 $P_WORKAREA_CS_MINUS_ENABLE[2,Z]=TRUE N83 $P_WORKAREA_CS_LIMIT_PLUS[2,Z]=–600...
Page 395: Reference Point Approach (G74)
Supplementary commands 14.4 Reference point approach (G74) 14.4 Reference point approach (G74) Function When the machine has been powered up (where incremental position measuring systems are used), all of the axis slides must approach their reference mark. Only then can traversing movements be programmed.
Page 396: Fixed-Point Approach (G75, G751)
Supplementary commands 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) Function The non-modal command G75/G751 can be used to move axes individually and independently of one another to fixed points in the machine space, e.g. to tool change points, loading points, pallet change points, etc.
Page 397 Supplementary commands 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) Syntax G75/G751 <axis name><axis position> ... FP=<n> Significance Approach fixed point directly G75: Approach fixed point via intermediate point G751: Name of the machine axis to be traversed to the fixed point <axis name>: All axis identifiers are permitted.
Page 398 Supplementary commands 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) Examples Example 1: G75 For a tool change, axes X (= AX1) and Z (= AX3) need to move to the fixed machine axis position 1 where X = 151.6 and Z = -17.3. Machine data: • MD30600 $MA_FIX_POINT_POS[AX1,0] = 151.6 •...
Page 399 Supplementary commands 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) Further information The axes are traversed as machine axes in rapid traverse. The motion is mapped internally using the "SUPA" (suppress all frames) and "G0 RTLIOF" (rapid traverse motion with single- axis interpolation) functions. If the conditions for "RTLIOF"...
Page 400 Supplementary commands 14.5 Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) Axis/Spindle movements with POSA/SPOSA If programmed axes/spindles were previously traversed with POSA or SPOSA, these movements will be completed first before the fixed point is approached. Spindle functions in the G75/G751 block If the spindle is excluded from "Fixed-point approach", then additional spindle functions (e.g. positioning with SPOS/SPOSA) can be programmed in the G75/G751 block.
Page 401: Travel To Fixed Stop (Fxs, Fxst, Fxsw)
Supplementary commands 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) Function The "Travel to fixed stop" function can be used to establish defined forces for clamping workpieces, such as those required for tailstocks, quills and grippers. The function can also be used for the approach of mechanical reference points.
Page 402 Supplementary commands 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) Optional command for setting the window width for the fixed stop FXSW: monitoring Specified in mm, inches or degrees Machine axis name <axis>: Machine axes (X1, Y1, Z1, etc.) are programmed Note The commands FXS, FXST and FXSW are modal.
Page 403 Supplementary commands 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) Deactivate travel to fixed stop: FXS[<axis>] = 0 Deselection of the function triggers a preprocessing stop. The block with FXS[<axis>]=0 may and should contain traversing movements. Example: Program code Comment X200 Y400 G01 G94 F2000 FXS[X1]=0 ;...
Page 404 Supplementary commands 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) Activating The commands for travel to fixed stop can be called from synchronized actions or technology cycles. They can be activated without initiation of a motion, the torque is limited instantaneously.
Page 405 Supplementary commands 14.6 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) Supplementary conditions • Measurement with deletion of distance-to-go "Measure with deletion of distance-to-go" (MEAS command) and "Travel to fixed stop" cannot be programmed at the same time in one block. Exception: One function acts on a path axis and the other on a positioning axis or both act on positioning axes.
Page 406: Acceleration Behavior
Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior 14.7 Acceleration behavior 14.7.1 Acceleration mode (BRISK, BRISKA, SOFT, SOFTA, DRIVE, DRIVEA) Function The following part program commands are available for programming the current acceleration mode: • BRISK, BRISKA The single axes or the path axes traverse with maximum acceleration until the programmed feedrate is reached (acceleration without jerk limitation).
Page 407 Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior Figure 14-2 Path velocity curve with DRIVE Syntax BRISK BRISKA(<axis1>,<axis2>,…) SOFT SOFTA(<axis1>,<axis2>,…) DRIVE DRIVEA(<axis1>,<axis2>,…) Significance Command for activating the "acceleration without jerk BRISK: limitation" for the path axes. Command for activating the "acceleration without jerk BRISKA: limitation"...
Page 408 Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior Supplementary conditions Changing acceleration mode during machining If the acceleration mode is changed in a part program during machining (BRISK ↔ SOFT), then there is a block change with exact stop at the end of the block during the transition even with continuous-path mode.
Page 409: Influence Of Acceleration On Following Axes (Velolima, Acclima, Jerklima)
Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior 14.7.2 Influence of acceleration on following axes (VELOLIMA, ACCLIMA, JERKLIMA) Function In the case of axis couplings (tangential correction, coupled motion, master value coupling, electronic gear; → see Programming Manual, Job Planning) following axes/spindles are traversed dependent on one or more master axes/spindles.
Page 410 Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior Examples Example 1: Correction of the dynamics limits for a following axis (AX4) Program code Comment VELOLIMA[AX4]=75 ; Limits correction to 75% of the maximum axial velocity stored in the machine data ACCLIMA[AX4]=50 ; Limits correction to 50% of the maximum axial acceleration stored in the machine data JERKLIMA[AX4]=50 ;...
Page 411: Activation Of Technology-Specific Dynamic Values (Dynnorm, Dynpos, Dynrough, Dynsemifin, Dynfinish)
Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior 14.7.3 Activation of technology-specific dynamic values (DYNNORM, DYNPOS, DYNROUGH, DYNSEMIFIN, DYNFINISH) Function Using the "Technology" G group, the appropriate dynamic response can be activated for five varying technological machining steps. Dynamic values and G commands can be configured and are, therefore, dependent on machine data settings ( →...
Page 412 Supplementary commands 14.7 Acceleration behavior Array index <n>: Range of values: 0 ... 4 Normal dynamic response (DYNNORM) Dynamic response for positioning mode (DYNPOS) Dynamic response for roughing (DYNROUGH) Dynamic response for finishing (DYNSEMIFIN) Dynamic response for smooth-finishing (DYNFINISH) <X> : Axis address Dynamic value <value>:...
Page 413: Traversing With Feedforward Control, Ffwon, Ffwof
Supplementary commands 14.8 Traversing with feedforward control, FFWON, FFWOF 14.8 Traversing with feedforward control, FFWON, FFWOF Function The feedforward control reduces the velocity-dependent overtravel when contouring towards zero. Traversing with feedforward control permits higher path accuracy and thus improved machining results. Syntax FFWON FFWOF...
Page 414: Contour Accuracy, Cprecon, Cprecof
Supplementary commands 14.9 Contour accuracy, CPRECON, CPRECOF 14.9 Contour accuracy, CPRECON, CPRECOF Function In machining operations without feedforward control (FFWON), errors may occur on curved contours as a result of velocity-related differences between setpoint and actual positions. The programmable contour accuracy function CPRECON makes it possible to store a maximum permissible contour violation in the NC program which must never be overshot.
Page 415: Dwell Time (G4)
Supplementary commands 14.10 Dwell time (G4) 14.10 Dwell time (G4) Function G4 can be used to program a "dwell time" between two NC blocks during which workpiece machining is interrupted. Note G4 interrupts continuous-path mode. Application For example, for relief cutting. Syntax G4 F…/S<n>=...
Page 416 Supplementary commands 14.10 Dwell time (G4) Note Addresses F and S are only used for time parameters in the G4 block. The feedrate F... and the spindle speed S... programmed upstream of the G4 block are retained. Example Program code Comment N10 G1 F200 Z-5 S300 M3 ;...
Page 417: Internal Preprocessing Stop
Supplementary commands 14.11 Internal preprocessing stop 14.11 Internal preprocessing stop Function The control generates an internal preprocessing stop on access to machine status data ($A...). The following block is not executed until all preprocessed and saved blocks have been executed in full. The previous block is stopped in exact stop (as G9). Example Program code Comments...
Page 418 Supplementary commands 14.11 Internal preprocessing stop Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 419: Other Information
Other information 15.1 Axes Axis types A distinction is made between the following types of axes when programming: • Machine axes • Channel axes • Geometry axes • Special axes • Path axes • Synchronized axes • Positioning axes • Command axes (motion-synchronous actions) •...
Page 420: Other Information
Other information 15.1 Axes Behavior of programmed axis types Geometry, synchronized and positioning axes are programmed. • Path axes traverse with feedrate F in accordance with the programmed travel commands. • Synchronized axes traverse synchronously to path axes and take the same time to traverse as all path axes.
Page 421: Main Axes/Geometry Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.1 Main axes/Geometry axes The main axes define a right-angled, right-handed coordinate system. Tool movements are programmed in this coordinate system. In NC technology, the main axes are called geometry axes. This term is also used in this Programming Guide.
Page 422: Special Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.2 Special axes In contrast to the geometry axes, no geometrical relationship is defined between the special axes. Typical special axes are: • Tool revolver axes • Swivel table axes • Swivel head axes • Loader axes Axis identifier On a turning machine with circular magazine, for example: •...
Page 423: Machine Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.4 Machine axes Machine axes are the axes physically existing on a machine. The movements of axes can still be assigned by transformations (TRANSMIT, TRACYL, or TRAORI) to the machine axes. If transformations are intended for the machine, different axis names must be specified during the commissioning (machine manufacturer).
Page 424: Positioning Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.7 Positioning axes Positioning axes are interpolated separately; in other words, each positioning axis has its own axis interpolator and its own feedrate. Positioning axes do not interpolate with the path axes. Positioning axes are traversed by the NC program or the PLC. If an axis is to be traversed simultaneously by the NC program and the PLC, an error message appears.
Page 425: Synchronized Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.8 Synchronized axes Synchronized axes traverse synchronously to the path from the start position to the programmed end position. The feedrate programmed in F applies to all the path axes programmed in the block, but does not apply to synchronized axes.
Page 426: Link Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.11 Link axes Link axes are axes, which are physically connected to another NCU and whose position is controlled from this NCU. Link axes can be assigned dynamically to channels of another NCU. Link axes are non-local axes from the perspective of a specific NCU. The axis container concept is used for the dynamic modification of the assignment to an NCU.
Page 427 Other information 15.1 Axes The link communication must provide the means of interaction between the interpolators and the position controller or PLC interface. The setpoints calculated by the interpolators must be transported to the position control loop on the home NCU and, vice versa, the actual values must be returned from there back to the interpolators.
Page 428: Lead Link Axes
Other information 15.1 Axes 15.1.12 Lead link axes A leading link axis is one that is interpolated by one NCU and utilized by one or several other NCUs as the master axis for controlling slave axes. An axial position controller alarm is sent to all other NCUs, which are connected to the affected axis via a leading link axis.
Page 429 Other information 15.1 Axes Further information Conditions • The dependent NCUs, i.e., NCU1 to NCU<n> (n equals max. of 8), must be interconnected via the link module for high-speed communication. References: Configuration Manual, NCU • The axis must be configured appropriately via machine data. •...
Page 430: From Travel Command To Machine Movement
Other information 15.2 From travel command to machine movement 15.2 From travel command to machine movement The relationship between the programmed axis movements (travel commands) and the resulting machine movements is illustrated in the following figure: Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 431: Path Calculation
Other information 15.3 Path calculation 15.3 Path calculation The path calculation determines the distance to be traversed in a block, taking into account all offsets and compensations. In general: Distance = setpoint - actual value + zero offset (ZO) + tool offset (TO) If a new zero offset and a new tool offset are programmed in a new program block, the following applies: •...
Page 432: Addresses
Other information 15.4 Addresses 15.4 Addresses Fixed and settable addresses Addresses can be divided into two groups: • Fixed addresses These addresses are permanently set, i.e. the address characters cannot be changed. • Settable addresses The machine manufacturer may assign another name to these addresses via machine data.
Page 433 Other information 15.4 Addresses SPOS=... Spindle position Fixed SPOS[n]=... SPOSA=... Spindle position across block boundary Fixed SPOSA[n Q... Axis Settable R0=... to Rn=... - R parameter, n can be set via MD Fixed (standard 0 - 99) R... - Axis Settable Round the contour corner Fixed...
Page 434 Other information 15.4 Addresses Modal/non-modal addresses Modal addresses remain valid with the programmed value (in all subsequent blocks) until a new value is programmed at the same address. Non-modal addresses only apply in the block, in which they were programmed. Example: Program code Comment...
Page 435 Other information 15.4 Addresses The extended address notation is only permitted for the following direct addresses: Address Meaning X, Y, Z, … Axis addresses I, J, K Interpolation parameters Spindle speed SPOS, SPOSA Spindle position Special functions Auxiliary functions Tool number Feedrate Examples: Program code...
Page 436: Identifiers
Other information 15.5 Identifiers 15.5 Identifiers The commands according to DIN 66025 are supplemented with so-called identifiers by the NC high-level language. Identifiers can stand for: • System variables • User-defined variables • Subroutines • Keywords • Jump markers • Macros Note Identifiers must be unique.
Page 437 • All identifiers beginning with "CYCLE" or "CUST_" or "GROUP_" or "_" or "S_" are reserved for SIEMENS cycles. • All identifiers beginning with "CCS" are reserved for SIEMENS compile cycles. • User compile cycles begin with "CC”. Note Users should select identifiers that start with "U" (User), as these identifiers are not used by the system, compile cycles or SIEMENS cycles.
Page 438: Constants
Other information 15.6 Constants 15.6 Constants Integer constants An integer constant is an integer value with or without sign, e.g. a value assignment to an address. Examples: Assignment of the value +10.25 to address X X10.25 Assignment of the value -10.25 to address X X-10.25 Assignment of the value +0.25 to address X X0.25...
Page 439 Other information 15.6 Constants Binary constants Constants can also be interpreted in binary format. In this case, only the digits "0" and "1" are used. Binary constants are enclosed in single quotation marks and start with the letter "B", followed by the binary value.
Page 440 Other information 15.6 Constants Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 441: Tables
Tables 16.1 Operations Legend: Effectiveness of the operation: modal non-modal Reference to the document containing the detailed description of the operation: PGsl Programming Manual, Fundamentals PGAsl Programming Manual, Job Planning BNMsl Programming Manual Measuring Cycles BHDsl Operating Manual, Turning BHFsl Operating Manual, Milling FB1 ( ) Function Manual, Basic Functions (with the alphanumeric abbreviation of the corresponding...
Page 442 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Assignment operator PGAsl >= Comparison operator, greater than or equal to PGAsl Operator for division PGsl Block is skipped (1st skip level) … Block is skipped (8th skip level) Skipping blocks [Page 40] ...
Page 443 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl ADIS Rounding clearance for path functions G1, G2, G3, ... Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) [Page 328] PGsl ADISPOS Rounding clearance for rapid traverse Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS) [Page 328] ...
Page 444 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Macro definition PGsl ASCALE Programmable scaling Programmable scale factor (SCALE, ASCALE) [Page 362] PGAsl ASIN Arithmetic function, arc sine PGAsl ASPLINE Akima spline PGAsl ATAN2 Arc tangent 2 PGAsl ATOL Axis-specific tolerance for compressor...
Page 445 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Tool orientation: Surface normal vector for end of block PGAsl B_AND Bit AND PGAsl B_OR Bit OR PGAsl B_NOT Bit negation PGAsl B_XOR Bit exclusive OR PGAsl BAUTO Definition of the first spline section by means of the next 3 points...
Page 446 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Absolute position approach PGAsl CACN Absolute approach of the value listed in the table in negative direction PGAsl CACP Absolute approach of the value listed in the table in positive direction ...
Page 447 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl CHANDATA Set channel number for channel data access PGAsl CHAR Data type: ASCII character PGAsl CHECKSUM Forms the checksum over an array as a fixed-length STRING PGsl Chamfer; value = length of chamfer Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) [Page 271] ...
Page 448 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl CORROF All active overlaid movements are deselected Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) [Page 374] PGAsl Cosine (trigon. function) PGAsl COUPDEF Definition ELG group/synchronous spindle group PGAsl COUPDEL Delete ELG group ...
Page 449 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Circle with tangential transition Circular interpolation with tangential transition (CT, X... Y... Z...) [Page 225] PGAsl CTAB Define following axis position according to leading axis position from curve table PGAsl CTABDEF Table definition ON ...
Page 450 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl CTABSEG Number of curve segments already used in the memory PGAsl CTABSEGID Number of the curve segments used by the curve table with number n PGAsl CTABSEV Returns the final value of the following axis of a segment of the curve table ...
Page 451 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl CUT3DFS 3D tool offset face milling with constant tool orientation independent of active frame PGsl Constant radius compensation OFF CUTCONOF Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) [Page 320] PGsl CUTCONON Constant radius compensation ON Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) [Page 320] ...
Page 452 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl CYCLE86 Technological cycle: boring PGAsl CYCLE92 Technological cycle: tapping PGAsl CYCLE98 Technological cycle: thread chain PGAsl CYCLE99 Technological cycle: thread turning PGAsl CYCLE800 Technological cycle: swiveling PGAsl CYCLE801 Technological cycle: grid or frame PGAsl CYCLE802 Technological cycle:...
Page 453 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Absolute dimensions for rotary axes, approach position directly Absolute dimension for rotary axes (DC, ACP, ACN) [Page 175] PGAsl Variable definition PGAsl DEFINE Keyword for macro definitions PGAsl DEFAULT Branch in CASE branch ...
Page 454 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Diameter programming: OFF DIAMOF Normal position, see machine Channel-specific diameter/radius programming manufacturer (DIAMON, DIAM90, DIAMOF, DIAMCYCOF) [Page 180] PGsl DIAMOFA Axis-specific modal diameter programming: OFF Axis-specific diameter/radius programming Normal position, see machine (DIAMONA, DIAM90A, DIAMOFA, DIACYCOFA, manufacturer DIAMCHANA, DIAMCHAN, DAC, DIC, RAC, RIC)
Page 455 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl DITS Thread run-in path Programmable run-in and run-out paths (DITS, DITE) [Page 256] PGAsl Integer division PGAsl Select location-dependent additive tool offset (DL, total set-up offset) PGAsl Keyword for synchronized action, triggers action when condition is fulfilled ...
Page 456 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl EGOFC Turn off electronic gear continuously PGAsl EGOFS Turn off electronic gear selectively PGAsl EGON Turn on electronic gear PGAsl EGONSYN Turn on electronic gear PGAsl EGONSYNE Turn on electronic gear, with specification of approach mode ...
Page 457 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl EXECUTE Program execution ON PGAsl Exponential function ex PGAsl EXTCALL Execute external subprogram PGAsl EXTCLOSE Closing external device / file that was opened for writing PGAsl EXTERNAL Declaration of a subprogram with parameter transfer ...
Page 458 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl FGREF Reference radius for rotary axes or path reference factors for orientation axes Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) (vector interpolation) [Page 109] PGsl FGROUP Definition of axis/axes with path feedrate Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) [Page 109] ...
Page 459 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Rotary axis identifier Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) [Page 133] PGsl FPRAOF Deactivate revolutional feedrate Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) [Page 133] PGsl FPRAON Activate revolutional feedrate Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) [Page 133] ...
Page 460 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Circular interpolation counter-clockwise Circular interpolation types (G2/G3, ...) [Page 209] PGsl Dwell time, preset Dwell time (G4) [Page 415] PGAsl Oblique plunge-cut grinding PGAsl Compensatory motion during oblique plunge-cut grinding PGsl Exact stop - deceleration Exact stop (G60, G9, G601, G602, G603) [Page 325] ...
Page 461 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl 1st adjustable work offset Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) [Page 159] PGsl 2nd adjustable work offset Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) [Page 159] ...
Page 462 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Incremental dimensions Incremental dimensions (G91, IC) [Page 171] PGsl Inverse-time feedrate rpm Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) [Page 109] PGsl Linear feedrate F in mm/min or inch/min and degree/min Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF) [Page 109] ...
Page 463 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl G148 Soft retraction with straight line Approach and retraction (G140 to G143, G147, G148, G247, G248, G347, G348, G340, G341, DISR, DISCL, FAD, PM, PR) [Page 298] PGsl G153 Suppression of current frames including basic frame Settable work offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153) [Page 159] ...
Page 464 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Activation of collision detection for the G460 approach and retraction block Approach and retraction with enhanced retraction strategies (G460, G461, G462) [Page 309] PGsl G461 Insertion of a circle into the TRC block Approach and retraction with enhanced retraction strategies (G460, G461, G462) [Page 309] ...
Page 465 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see G751 Approach fixed point via intermediate PGsl point Fixed-point approach (G75, G751) [Page 396] PGAsl G group reserved for the OEM user G810 , ..., G819 PGAsl G group reserved for the OEM user G820 , ..., G829...
Page 466 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see FB1(W1) GETTCOR Read out tool lengths and/or tool length components FB1(W1) GETTENV Read T, D and DL numbers PGAsl GOTO Jump operation first forward then backward (direction initially to end of program and then to beginning of program) PGAsl GOTOB...
Page 467 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Identifier for modal static synchronized actions PGAsl Introduction of a conditional jump in the part program/technology cycle PGAsl INDEX Define index of character in input string PGAsl INIPO Initialization of variables at POWER ON PGAsl INIRE Initialization of variables at reset...
Page 468 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl ISNUMBER Check whether the input string can be converted to a number PGAsl ISOCALL Indirect call of a program programmed in an ISO language PGAsl ISVAR Check whether the transfer parameter contains a variable declared in the NC ...
Page 469 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see FB1(W1) LENTOAX Provides information about the assignment of tool lengths L1, L2, and L3 of the active tool to the abscissa, ordinate and applicate PGsl Fast retraction for thread cutting OFF LFOF Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, POLFMLIN) [Page 267] ...
Page 470 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl End of main program with return to beginning of program M functions [Page 381] PGsl CW spindle rotation M functions [Page 381] PGsl CCW spindle rotation M functions [Page 381] PGsl Spindle stop M functions [Page 381] ...
Page 471 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl MEAS Measurement with touch-trigger probe PGAsl MEASA Measurement with deletion of distance- to-go FB2(M5) MEASURE Calculation method for workpiece and tool measurement PGAsl MEAW Measurement with touch-trigger probe without deletion of distance-to-go ...
Page 472 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Logic NOT (negation) PGAsl NPROT Machine-specific protection zone ON/ PGAsl NPROTDEF Definition of a machine-specific protection zone PGAsl NUMBER Convert input string to number PGAsl OEMIPO1 OEM interpolation 1 PGAsl OEMIPO2 OEM interpolation 2 PGAsl Keyword in CASE branch...
Page 473 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl ORID Orientation changes are performed before the circle block PGAsl ORIEULER Orientation angle via Euler angle PGAsl ORIMKS Tool orientation in the machine coordinate system PGAsl ORIPATH Tool orientation in relation to path ...
Page 474 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Oscillation on/off FB2(P5) Oscillating: Starting point PGAsl Continuous tool orientation smoothing PGAsl OSCILL Axis: 1 - 3 infeed axes PGAsl OSCTRL Oscillation options PGAsl Smoothing of tool orientation by specifying smoothing distance with SD ...
Page 475 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl OVRRAP Rapid traverse override Programmable feedrate override (OVR, OVRRAP, OVRA) [Page 137] PGAsl Number of subprogram cycles PGsl PAROT Align workpiece coordinate system on workpiece Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) [Page 370] ...
Page 476 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl POLFMLIN Enable axes for retraction with a linear connection between the axes Fast retraction for thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS, POLF, POLFMASK, POLFMLIN) [Page 267] PGAsl POLY Polynomial interpolation ...
Page 477 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl PUNCHACC Travel-dependent acceleration for nibbling PGAsl PUTFTOC Tool fine offset for parallel dressing PGAsl PUTFTOCF Tool fine offset dependent on a function for parallel dressing defined with FCTDEF PGAsl B spline, point weight ...
Page 478 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl REPOSHA Repositioning with all axes; geometry axes in semicircle PGAsl REPOSL Linear repositioning PGAsl REPOSQ Repositioning in a quadrant PGAsl REPOSQA Linear repositioning with all axes, geometry axes in quadrant ...
Page 479 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Polar radius Travel commands with polar coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, AP, RP) [Page 197] PGsl Rotation in the plane Programmable frame rotations with solid angles (ROTS, AROTS, CROTS) [Page 360] PGAsl Parameter for access to frame data: Rotation ...
Page 480 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl SETDNO Assign the D number of a cutting edge (CE) of a tool (T) PGAsl SETINT Define which interrupt routine is to be activated when an NCK input is present SETM Setting of markers in dedicated channel PGAsl...
Page 481 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl Path reference for FGROUP axes is arc SPATH length PGsl SPCOF Switch master spindle or spindle(s) from position control to speed control Position-controlled spindle operation (SPCON, SPCOF) [Page 122] PGAsl SPCON Switch master spindle or spindle(s) from speed control to position control Position-controlled spindle operation (SPCON, SPCOF)
Page 482 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl Oscillation sparking-out time axial for synchronized action Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA) [Page 148] PGAsl START Start selected programs simultaneously in several channels from current ...
Page 483 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl SYNR The variable is read synchronously, i.e. at the time of execution PGAsl SYNRW The variable is read and written synchronously, i.e. at the time of execution PGAsl SYNW The variable is written synchronously, i.e.
Page 484 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl TMOF Deselect tool monitoring PGAsl TMON Activate tool monitoring PGAsl Designates the end value in a FOR counter loop PGsl TOFF Tool length offset in the direction of the tool length component that is effective Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR) parallel to the geometry axis specified...
Page 485 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl TOROTX Align the X axis of the workpiece coordinate system parallel to the Frame generation according to tool orientation workpiece orientation by rotating the (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT) [Page 370] frame PGsl TOROTY Align the Y axis of the workpiece coordinate system parallel to the Frame generation according to tool orientation...
Page 486 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl TRANSMIT Pole transformation (face machining) PGAsl TRAORI 4-axis, 5-axis transformation, generic transformation PGAsl TRUE Logical constant: True PGAsl TRUNC Truncation of decimal places PGAsl Axis angle PGsl TURN Number of turns for helix Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) [Page 229] ...
Page 487 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGsl WAITS Wait for spindle position to be reached Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS) [Page 123] PGsl WALCS0 Workpiece coordinate system working area limitation deselected Working area limitation in WCS/SZS (WALCS0 ... WALCS10) [Page 392] ...
Page 488 Tables 16.1 Operations Operation Meaning Description see PGAsl WHILE Start of WHILE program loop PGAsl WRITE Write text to file system Appends a block to the end of the specified file. PGAsl WRTPR Delays the machining job without interrupting continuous-path mode Writing string in OPI variable (WRTPR) [Page 387] PGsl Axis name...
Page 489: Operations: Availability For Sinumerik 828D
Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 490 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling APRP ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 491 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling BRISK ● ● ● ● ● ● BRISKA ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 492 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling COARSEA ● ● ● ● ● ● COMPCAD ○ ○ ○ COMPCURV ○...
Page 493 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling CTABISLOCK CTABLOCK CTABMEMTYP CTABMPOL CTABMSEG CTABNO CTABNOMEM CTABPERIOD CTABPOL CTABPOLID CTABSEG CTABSEGID CTABSEV CTABSSV CTABTEP...
Page 494 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● DEFINE ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 495 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling DYNROUGH ● ● ● ● ● ● DYNSEMIFIN ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 496 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling FCUB ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 497 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 498 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● G110 ●...
Page 499 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling G710 ● ● ● ● ● ● G751 ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 500 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ICYCON ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 501 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling LEAD Tool orientation Orientation polynomial LEADOF LEADON LENTOAX ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 502 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling MEAC MEAFRAME ● ● ● ● ● ● MEAS ● ● ● ●...
Page 503 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ORICONCCW ORICONCW ORICONIO ORICONTO ORICURVE ORID ORIEULER ORIMKS ORIPATH ORIPATHS ORIPLANE ORIRESET ORIROTA ORIROTC ORIROTR...
Page 504 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling OST1 OST2 OTOL ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● OVRA ●...
Page 505 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● PTPG0 ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 506 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ROUNDUP ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 507 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling SONS SPATH ● ● ● ● ● ● SPCOF ● ● ● ●...
Page 508 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling ● ● ● ● ● ● TANG TANGDEL TANGOF TANGON (828D: _TCA) ●...
Page 509 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling TOWMCS ● ● ● TOWSTD ● ● ● TOWTCS ● ● ● TOWWCS ●...
Page 510 Tables 16.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D 828D control version Operation PPU240.2 / 241.2 PPU260.2 / 261.2 PPU280.2 / 281.2 basic T basic M Turning Milling Turning Milling WALCS7 ● ● ● ● ● ● WALCS8 ● ● ● ● ●...
Page 511: Addresses
Tables 16.3 Addresses 16.3 Addresses List of addresses The list of addresses consists of: • Address letters • Fixed addresses • Fixed addresses with axis expansion • Settable addresses Address letters The following address letters are available: Numeric Letter Meaning extension Settable address identifier Settable address identifier...
Page 512 Tables 16.3 Addresses Numeric Letter Meaning extension Settable address identifier Settable address identifier Start character and separator for file transfer Main block number Skip identifier Available fixed addresses CIC, Modal/ CAC, Axis G70/ G700/ G90/ Address type non- ACN, CDC, Data type identifier G710...
Page 513 Tables 16.3 Addresses Fixed addresses with axis expansion CIC, Modal CAC, Axis G70/ G700/ G90/ Address type /non- ACN, CDC, Data type identifier G710 modal CACN, CACP AX: Axis Variable axis Real identifier Variable Real Inter- interpolation polation parameter parameter POS: Positioning Real...
Page 514 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal CAC, Axis G70/ G700/ G90/ Address type /non- ACN, CDC, Data type identifier G710 modal CACN, CACP OST1: Stopping time Real Oscillating at left reversal time 1 point (oscillation) OST2: Stopping time Real Oscillating at right time 2 reversal point (oscillation)
Page 515 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal CAC, Axis G70/ G700/ G90/ Address type /non- ACN, CDC, Data type identifier G710 modal CACN, CACP FXST: Torque limit Real Fixed stop for travel to torque fixed stop FXSW: Monitoring Real Fixed stop window for window travel to fixed stop...
Page 516 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal/ CAC, Max. Address G70/ G700/ G90/ Axis identifier non- ACN, CDC, num- Data type type G710 modal CACN, CACP A7, B7, C7 Inter- Real standardized mediate vector orientation component LEAD: Lead angle Real Lead angle THETA: Third Angle of Real...
Page 517 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal/ CAC, Max. Address G70/ G700/ G90/ Axis identifier non- ACN, CDC, num- Data type type G710 modal CACN, CACP STAT: State State Integer without sign Starting Real Spindle offset point offset for thread cutting DISR: Distance for Real without Distance for...
Page 518 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal/ CAC, Max. Address G70/ G700/ G90/ Axis identifier non- ACN, CDC, num- Data type type G710 modal CACN, CACP DITS Thread run- Real in path DITE Thread run- Real out path Nibbling/punching SPN: Stroke/ Number of punch path sections...
Page 519 Tables 16.3 Addresses CIC, Modal/ CAC, Max. Address G70/ G700/ G90/ Axis identifier non- ACN, CDC, num- Data type type G710 modal CACN, CACP Path feed Real without Feed DRF for hand- sign wheel override Feed for Real without radius and sign chamfer FRCM...
Page 520: G Function Groups
If no function from the group is programmed with modal G functions, the default setting, which can be changed in the machine data (MD20150 $MN_$MC_GCODE_RESET_VALUES), applies: SAG Default setting Siemens AG Default setting Machine Manufacturer (see machine manufacturer's specifications) The G function is not valid for NCU571.
Page 521 Tables 16.4 G function groups Thread cutting with linear decreasing lead INVCW Involute interpolation clockwise INVCCW Involute interpolation counter-clockwise If no function from the group is programmed with modal G functions, the default setting, which can be changed in the machine data (MD20150 $MN_$MC_GCODE_RESET_VALUES), applies: Group 2: Non-modally valid motions, dwell time G function...
Page 522 Tables 16.4 G function groups Minimum working area limitation/spindle speed limitation Maximum working area limitation/spindle speed limitation G110 Pole programming relative to the last programmed setpoint position G111 Polar programming relative to origin of current workpiece coordinate system G112 Pole programming relative to the last valid pole Programmable offset, absolute axial substitution Programmable offset, additive axial substitution ROTS...
Page 523 Tables 16.4 G function groups 2nd adjustable work offset 3rd adjustable work offset 4th adjustable work offset G505 5th adjustable work offset G599 100. 99th adjustable work offset Each of the G functions in this group is used to activate an adjustable user frame $P_UIFR[ ]. G54 corresponds to frame $P_UIFR[1], G505 corresponds to frame $P_UIFR[5].
Page 524 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 12: Block change criteria at exact stop (G60/G9) G function Significance MD20150 G601 Block change at exact stop fine G602 Block change at exact stop coarse G603 Block change at IPO - end of block Group 13: Workpiece measuring inch/metric G function Significance...
Page 525 Tables 16.4 G function groups G972 Freeze linear feedrate or revolutional feedrate and constant cutting rate G973 Revolutional feedrate without spindle speed limitation (G97 without LIMS for ISO mode) Group 16: Feedrate override on inside and outside curvature G function Significance MD20150 Constant feedrate at contour effective for internal and...
Page 526 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 20: Curve transition at end of spline G function Significance MD20150 ENAT Natural transition to next traversing block ETAN Tangential transition to next traversing block EAUTO Definition of the last spline section by means of the last 3 points Group 21: Acceleration profile G function...
Page 527 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 24: Feedforward control G function Significance MD20150 FFWOF Feedforward control OFF FFWON Feedforward control ON Group 25: Tool orientation reference G function Significance MD20150 Tool orientation in workpiece coordinate system ORIWKS (WCS) Tool orientation in machine coordinate system (MCS) ORIMKS Group 26: Repositioning point for REPOS G function...
Page 528 Tables 16.4 G function groups DIAM90 Modal dependent channel-specific diameter programming ON The effect is dependent on the programmed dimensions mode (G90/G91). DIAMCYCOF Modal channel-specific diameter programming during cycle processing OFF Group 30: NC block compression G function Significance MD20150 NC block compression OFF COMPOF Compressor function COMPON ON...
Page 529 Tables 16.4 G function groups OEM G function G828 OEM G function G829 Two G function groups are reserved for the OEM user. This enables the OEM to program functions that can be customized. Group 33: Settable fine tool offset G function Significance MD20150...
Page 530 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 37: Feed profile G function Significance MD20150 Feed normal (as per DIN 66025) FNORM Feed linear variable FLIN Feedrate variable according to cubic spline FCUB Group 38: Assignment of fast inputs/outputs for punching/nibbling G function Significance MD20150 Fast NCK inputs/outputs for punching/nibbling byte 1...
Page 531 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 43: SAR approach direction G function Significance MD20150 G140 SAR approach direction defined by G41/G42 G141 SAR approach direction to left of contour G142 SAR approach direction to right of contour G143 SAR approach direction tangent-dependent Group 44: SAR path segmentation G function Significance...
Page 532 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 48: Approach and retraction response with tool radius compensation G function Significance MD20150 G460 Collision detection for approach and retraction block G461 Extend border block with arc if no intersection in TRC block G462 Extend border block with straight line if no intersection in TRC block Group 49: Point-to-point motion...
Page 533 Tables 16.4 G function groups ORICONIO Interpolation on a conical peripheral surface with intermediate orientation setting ORICONTO Interpolation on a peripheral surface of the cone with tangential transition ORICURVE Interpolation with additional space curve for orientation ORIPATHS Tool orientation in relation to path, blips in the orientation characteristic are smoothed Group 52: Frame rotation in relation to workpiece G function...
Page 534 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 54: Vector rotation for polynomial programming G function Significance MD20150 ORIROTA Vector rotation absolute ORIROTR Vector rotation relative ORIROTT Vector rotation tangential ORIROTC Tangential rotational vector in relation to path tangent Group 55: Rapid traverse with/without linear interpolation G function Significance MD20150...
Page 535 Tables 16.4 G function groups Group 59: Dynamic response mode for path interpolation G function Significance MD20150 DYNNORM Standard dynamic, as previously DYNPOS Positioning mode, tapping DYNROUGH Roughing DYNSEMIFIN Finishing DYNFINISH Smooth-finishing Group 60: Working area limitation G function Significance MD20150 WALCS0 Workpiece coordinate system working area limitation...
Page 536: Predefined Subroutine Calls
Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 1. Coordinate system Keyword / 1st parameter 3rd-15th 4th-16th Explanation subroutine parameter parameter parameter identifier PRESETON AXIS*: REAL: 3rd-15th 4th-16th Sets the actual value for programmed Axis identifier Preset offset parameter parameter axes.
Page 537 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 3. Coupled motion Keyword / 1st parameter Explanation subroutine param. param. param. param. param. identifier TANG AXIS: Axis AXIS: AXIS: REAL: CHAR: CHAR Preparatory statement for the name Leading Leading Coupling Option: Optimizat definition of a tangential following axis axis 1 axis 2...
Page 538 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 6. Revolutional feedrate Keyword / 1st parameter 2nd parameter Explanation subroutine identifier FPRAON AXIS: Axis, for which AXIS: Axis/spindle, from Feedrate per revolution axial ON: Axial revolutional feedrate is which revolutional feedrate revolutional feedrate ON. activated is derived.
Page 539 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls TRACON INT: Number of REAL: Further Transformation concentrated: Cascaded transformation; the the trans- parameters, meaning of the parameters depends on the type of cascading. formation MD-dependent TRAFOOF Deactivate transformation For each transformation type, there is one command for one transformation per channel. If there are several transformations of the same transformation type per channel, the transformation can be selected with the corresponding command and parameters.
Page 540 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 10. Stock removal Keyword / 1st parameter 2nd parameter Explanation subroutine parameter parameter identifier CONTPRON REAL [ , 11]: CHAR: Stock INT: Number INT: Status Contour preparation on: Activate Contour table removal of relief cuts of calcu- reference-point editing.
Page 541 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 12. Protection zones Keyword / 1st parameter 2nd parameter 3rd parameter 4th parameter 5th parameter Explanation subroutine identifier CPROTDEF INT: Number of BOOL: INT: REAL: Limit in REAL: Limit in Channel- the protection TRUE: plus direction minus direction specific 0: 4th and 5th...
Page 542 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls NPROT INT: Number of INT: Option REAL: Offset of REAL: Offset of REAL: Offset of Machine- the protection protection zone protection zone protection zone specific 0: Protection zone in 1st geometry in 2nd geometry in 3rd geometry protection zone OFF axis...
Page 543 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 17. Communication Keyword / 2nd parameter Explanation subroutine parameter identifier STRING: CHAR: MMC command: Command to MMC command Command Acknowledgement mode** interpreter for the configuration of windows via NC "N": Without acknowledgment program "S": Synchronous acknowledgment Reference: "A": Asynchronous acknowledgment Commissioning Manual Base Software and HMI sl...
Page 544 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls WAITMC # INT: Marker INT: Wait: Waits conditionally for a numbers Channel marker to be reached in other numbers channels. The program waits 1 - 10 until the WAITMC with the or STRING: relevant marker has been Channel reached in the other channel.
Page 545 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls If the acknowledgement is negative an error is output. Acknowledgement "S", "s" or to be omitted. For some commands, the acknowledgement response is predefined, for others it is programmable. The acknowledgement response for program-coordination commands is always synchronous.
Page 546 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 24. Tool management Keyword / 1st parameter Explanation subroutine parameter parameter identifier DELT STRING[32]: Tool INT: Duplo Delete tool. Duplo number can be designation number omitted. GETSELT VAR INT: INT: Spindle Get selected T number. If no spindle T number (return number number is specified, the command...
Page 547 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 25. Synchronous spindle Keyword / 1st para- 3rd para- 4th para- 5th parameter 6th para- Explanation subroutine meter para- meter meter meter Block change behavior identifier meter COUPDEF AXIS: AXIS: REAL: REAL: STRING[8]: Block change behavior: STRING[2]: Couple Follow-...
Page 548 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls COUPOFS AXIS: AXIS: Block change performed as quickly Deactivation Follow- Lead- as possible with immediate block of couple ing axis ing axis change. with following- following leading spindle stop. spindle spindle (FS) (LS) COUPOFS AXIS: AXIS: REAL: After the programmed deactivation...
Page 549 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls COUPONC AXIS: AXIS: An offset Acceptance Follow- Lead- position of activation ing axis ing axis cannot with be pro- previously following leading gram- programmed spindle spindle med. M3 S.. or M4 (FS) (LS) S... Immediate acceptance of rotational speed...
Page 550 Tables 16.5 Predefined subroutine calls 26. Structure statements in the STEP editor (editor-based program support) Keyword / 1st parameter 2nd parameter 3rd parameter Explanation subroutine identifier SEFORM STRING[128]: INT: level STRING[128]: Current section name for STEP section name icon editor Keyword / Explanation subroutine...
Page 551: Predefined Subroutine Calls In Motion-Synchronous Actions
Tables 16.6 Predefined subroutine calls in motion-synchronous actions 16.6 Predefined subroutine calls in motion-synchronous actions 27. Synchronous procedures Keyword/ 1st parameter 2nd parameter 3rd parameter Explanation function identifier 5th parameter STOPREOF Stop preparation OFF: A synchronized action with a STOPREOF command causes a preprocessing stop after the next output block (= block for the main run).
Page 552: Predefined Functions
Tables 16.7 Predefined functions 16.7 Predefined functions Predefined functions Predefined functions are invoked by means of a function call. Function calls return a value. They can be included as an operand in an expression. 1. Coordinate system Keyword/ Result 1st parameter 2nd parameter Explanation function...
Page 553 Tables 16.7 Predefined functions 2. Geometry functions Keyword/ Result 1st parameter 2nd parameter 3rd parameter Explanation function identifier CALCDAT BOOL: VAR REAL [,2]: INT: Number of VAR REAL [3]: CALCDAT: Calculate circle data Error status Table with input input points for Result: Calculates radius and center points (abscissa...
Page 554 Tables 16.7 Predefined functions 3. Axis functions Result 1st parameter 2nd parameter Explanation AXNAME AXIS: STRING [ ]: AXNAME: Get axis identifier Axis identifier Input string Converts the input string to an axis identifier. An alarm is generated if the input string does not contain a valid axis identifier.
Page 555 Tables 16.7 Predefined functions Result 1st par. 2nd par. 3rd par. 4th par. 5th par. 6th par. 7th par. 8th par. 9th par. SETTCOR INT: REAL: STRING: INT: INT: INT: STRING: INT: INT: INT: Status Offset Compo- Compo- Type of Index of Name of Int.
Page 556 Tables 16.7 Predefined functions 6. String functions Result 1st parameter 2nd parameter Explanation 3rd parameter ISNUMBER BOOL STRING Check whether the input string can be converted to a number. Result is TRUE if conversion is possible. ISVAR BOOL STRING Check whether the transfer parameter contains a variable known in the NC.
Page 557: Currently Set Language In The Hmi
Tables 16.8 Currently set language in the HMI 16.8 Currently set language in the HMI The table below lists all of the languages available at the user interface. The currently set language can be queried in the part program and in the synchronized actions using the following system variable: $AN_LANGUAGE_ON_HMI = <value>...
Page 558 Tables 16.8 Currently set language in the HMI Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 559: Appendix
Appendix List of abbreviations Output Automation system ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit: User switching circuit ASUB Asynchronous subprogram AuxF Auxiliary function Job planning Operating mode Ready to run Binary Coded Decimals: Decimal numbers encoded In binary code Basic Coordinate System Binary files (Binary Files) BIOS...
Page 560 Appendix A.1 List of abbreviations Dynamic Data Exchange Deutsche Industrie Norm (German Industry Standard) Data Input/Output: Data transfer display Directory: Directory Dynamic Link Library Data transmission equipment Disk Operating System Dual-Port Memory Dual-Port RAM DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory Differential Resolver Function: Differential resolver function (DRF) Dry Run: Dry run feedrate Decoding Single Block: Decoding single block Data Terminal Equipment...
Page 561 Appendix A.1 List of abbreviations High-resolution Measuring System Hardware Input/Output Startup Drive module pulse enable IK (GD) Implicit communication (global data) Interpolative Compensation: Interpolatory compensation Interface Module Interconnection module Interface Module Receive: Interconnection module for receiving data Interface Module Send: Interconnection module for sending data Increment: Increment Initializing Data: Initializing data Interpolator...
Page 562 Appendix A.1 List of abbreviations Numerical Control Unit: Hardware unit of the NCK Name for the operating system of the NCK NURBS Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline Organization block in the PLC Original Equipment Manufacturer Operator Panel Operator Panel: Operating setup Operator Panel Interface Operator Panel Interface: Interface for connection to the operator panel Options: Options Open Systems Interconnection: Standard for computer communications...
Page 563 Appendix A.1 List of abbreviations SRAM Static RAM (non-volatile) Serial Synchronous Interface: Synchronous serial interface Statement list Software System Files System files Tool Tool change Testing Data Active: Identifier for machine data Tool length compensation TNRC Tool Nose Radius Compensation Tool Offset: Tool offset Tool offset Tool Offset Active: Identifier (file type) for tool offsets...
Page 564: Documentation Overview
Appendix A.2 Documentation overview Documentation overview Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 565 Appendix A.2 Documentation overview Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 566 Appendix A.2 Documentation overview Fundamentals Programming Manual, 09/2011, 6FC5398-1BP40-2BA0...
Page 567: Glossary
Glossary Absolute dimensions A destination for an axis movement is defined by a dimension that refers to the origin of the currently active coordinate system. See → Incremental dimension Acceleration with jerk limitation In order to optimize the acceleration response of the machine whilst simultaneously protecting the mechanical components, it is possible to switch over in the machining program between abrupt acceleration and continuous (jerk-free) acceleration.
Page 568 Glossary Auxiliary functions Auxiliary functions enable → part programs to transfer → parameters to the → PLC, which then trigger reactions defined by the machine manufacturer. Axes In accordance with their functional scope, the CNC axes are subdivided into: • Axes: interpolating path axes •...
Page 569 Glossary Basic Coordinate System Cartesian coordinate system which is mapped by transformation onto the machine coordinate system. The programmer uses axis names of the basic coordinate system in the → part program. The basic coordinate system exists parallel to the → machine coordinate system if no → transformation is active.
Page 570 Glossary See → NC Component of the NC for the implementation and coordination of communication. Compensation axis Axis with a setpoint or actual value modified by the compensation value Compensation memory Data range in the control, in which the tool offset data are stored. Compensation table Table containing interpolation points.
Page 571 Glossary Coordinate system See → Machine coordinate system, → Workpiece coordinate system Central processing unit, see → PLC C-Spline The C-Spline is the most well-known and widely used spline. The transitions at the interpolation points are continuous, both tangentially and in terms of curvature. 3rd order polynomials are used.
Page 572 Glossary Differential Resolver Function: NC function which generates an incremental zero offset in Automatic mode in conjunction with an electronic handwheel. Drive The drive is the unit of the CNC that performs the speed and torque control based on the settings of the NC.
Page 573 Glossary Feed override The programmed velocity is overriden by the current velocity setting made via the → machine control panel or from the → PLC (0 to 200%). The feedrate can also be corrected by a programmable percentage factor (1-200%) in the machining program. Finished-part contour Contour of the finished workpiece.
Page 574 Glossary High-level CNC language The high-level language offers: → user-defined variables, → system variables, → macro techniques. High-speed digital inputs/outputs The digital inputs can be used for example to start fast CNC program routines (interrupt routines). The digital CNC outputs can be used to trigger fast, program-controlled switching functions (SINUMERIK 840D).
Page 575 Glossary Intermediate blocks Motions with selected → tool offset (G41/G42) may be interrupted by a limited number of intermediate blocks (blocks without axis motions in the offset plane), whereby the tool offset can still be correctly compensated for. The permissible number of intermediate blocks which the control reads ahead can be set in system parameters.
Page 576 Glossary Servo gain factor, a control variable in a control loop. Leading axis The leading axis is the → gantry axis that exists from the point of view of the operator and programmer and, thus, can be influenced like a standard NC axis. Leadscrew error compensation Compensation for the mechanical inaccuracies of a leadscrew participating in the feed.
Page 577 Glossary Machine coordinate system A coordinate system, which is related to the axes of the machine tool. Machine zero Fixed point of the machine tool to which all (derived) measuring systems can be traced back. Machining channel A channel structure can be used to shorten idle times by means of parallel motion sequences, e.g.
Page 578 Glossary Mirroring Mirroring reverses the signs of the coordinate values of a contour, with respect to an axis. It is possible to mirror with respect to more than one axis at a time. Mode group Axes and spindles that are technologically related can be combined into one mode group. Axes/spindles of a BAG can be controlled by one or more →...
Page 579 Glossary The scope for implementing individual solutions (OEM applications) for the SINUMERIK 840D has been provided for machine manufacturers, who wish to create their own operator interface or integrate process-oriented functions in the control. Operator Interface The user interface (UI) is the display medium for a CNC in the form of a screen. It features horizontal and vertical softkeys.
Page 580 Glossary Path axis Path axes include all machining axes of the → channel that are controlled by the → interpolator in such a way that they start, accelerate, stop, and reach their end point simultaneously. Path feedrate Path feed affects → path axes. It represents the geometric sum of the feed rates of the → geometry axes involved.
Page 581 Glossary Polar coordinates A coordinate system, which defines the position of a point on a plane in terms of its distance from the origin and the angle formed by the radius vector with a defined axis. Polynomial interpolation Polynomial interpolation enables a wide variety of curve characteristics to be generated, such as straight line, parabolic, exponential functions (SINUMERIK 840D).
Page 582 Glossary Programming key Character and character strings that have a defined meaning in the programming language for → part programs. Protection zone Three-dimensional zone within the → working area into which the tool tip must not pass. Quadrant error compensation Contour errors at quadrant transitions, which arise as a result of changing friction conditions on the guideways, can be virtually entirely eliminated with the quadrant error compensation.
Page 583 Glossary Safety Functions The control is equipped with permanently active montoring functions that detect faults in the → CNC, the → PLC, and the machine in a timely manner so that damage to the workpiece, tool, or machine is largely prevented. In the event of a fault, the machining operation is interrupted and the drives stopped.
Page 584 Glossary Transformation ratio Standard cycles Standard cycles are provided for machining operations, which are frequently repeated: • Cycles for drilling/milling applications • for turning technology The available cycles are listed in the "Cycle support" menu in the "Program" operating area. Once the desired machining cycle has been selected, the parameters required for assigning values are displayed in plain text.
Page 585 Glossary Synchronized axis A synchronized axis is the → gantry axis whose set position is continuously derived from the motion of the → leading axis and is, thus, moved synchronously with the leading axis. From the point of view of the programmer and operator, the synchronized axis "does not exist". System memory The system memory is a memory in the CPU in which the following data is stored: •...
Page 586 Glossary Tool nose radius compensation Contour programming assumes that the tool is pointed. Because this is not actually the case in practice, the curvature radius of the tool used must be communicated to the control which then takes it into account. The curvature center is maintained equidistantly around the contour, offset by the curvature radius.
Page 587 Glossary User-defined variable Users can declare their own variables for any purpose in the → part program or data block (global user data). A definition contains a data type specification and the variable name. See → System variable. Variable definition A variable definition includes the specification of a data type and a variable name.
Page 588 Glossary Workpiece coordinate system The workpiece coordinate system has its starting point in the → workpiece zero-point. In machining operations programmed in the workpiece coordinate system, the dimensions and directions refer to this system. Workpiece zero The workpiece zero is the starting point for the → workpiece coordinate system. It is defined in terms of distances to the →...
Page 589 Index Symbols Address Adjustable $AA_ACC Extended address $AA_FGREF Fixed addresses $AA_FGROUP modally effective $AA_OFF non-modal $AC_F_TYPE Value assignment $AC_FGROUP_MASK with axial extension $AC_FZ With axis expansion $AC_S_TYPE Address letters $AC_SVC Addresses $AC_TOFF ADIS $AC_TOFFL ADISPOS $AC_TOFFR $AN_LANGUAGE_ON_HMI AMIRROR $P_F_TYPE $P_FGROUP_MASK ANG1 $P_FZ ANG2...
Page 590 Index Axis Circular-path programming Container With center and end points -types With interpolation and end points Axis types With opening angle and center point Special axes With polar angle and polar radius With polar coordinates With radius and end point With tangential transition Clamping torque B=...
Page 591 Index CUT2D DITS CUT2DF DRFOF CUTCONOF Drill CUTCONON DRIVE Cutting edge DRIVEA Center point Dwell time Position DYNFINISH Radius DYNNORM Cutting edges DYNPOS Number of contour tools DYNROUGH Cutting rate DYNSEMIFIN Constant Cylinder thread Cylindrical coordinates Edges -number Effectiveness D number modal D...
Page 592 Index Fixed stop G332 Clamping torque Monitoring G340 G341 G347 G348 FPRAOF FPRAON Frame Deselect Mirroring, programmable G450 Operations G451 Rotation, with solid angle G460 Scaling, programmable G461 Frames G462 G500 FRCM G505 ... G599 FXST FXSW G function groups G601 G functions G602...
Page 593 Index G971 G972 K... G973 Kinematic transformation Geometry KONT Axes KONTC Geometry axes KONTT Grinding tools Grinding wheel Peripheral speed GWPS GWPSOF Left-hand thread GWPSON LFOF LFON LFPOS LFTXT Handwheel LFWP Override LIMS Helix interpolation LINE FEED Hexadecimal Link Constant Axes Lead link axis LookAhead...
Page 594 Index Messages Milling tools POSA MIRROR Position offset Modal Positioning axes Monitoring Positions Fixed stop Read POSP Preprocessing stop Internal Program NC high-level language NC program Header Creating -name NC programming Programmed stop Character set Programming commands Non-modal List NORM Programming the end point Punch tape format OFFN...
Page 595 Index RTLIOF Straight lines RTLION Interpolation SUPA S-value Interpretation Synchronized Axes System SCALE -dependent availability Scale factor SD42440 SD42442 SD42465 SD42940 T... SD42950 T=... SD43240 SD43250 Tapered thread SETMS Tapping with compensating chuck Skip levels Without compensating chuck Slotting saw Target point SOFT Thread...
Page 596 Index Tool point Direction, relevant X... Tool radius compensation At outside corners CUT2D Toolholder -reference point Tooth feedrate TOROT Y... TOROTOF TOROTX TOROTY TOROTZ Z... TRAFOOF TRANS Transition circle Transition radius Transverse axis Zero frame Travel command Zero offset TURN Offset values Turning tools Settable...

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